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Exam 15: Biomolecules: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

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Question 1

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An enzyme classified as a ligase would be associated with a reaction than involves the:

A) introduction of a double bond.
B) loss of water.
C) loss of carbon dioxide.
D) transfer of an amino group.
E) hydrolysis of an ester.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Question 2

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Instructions: Refer to the data below to answer the following question(s). Leucine is an essential amino acid with the systematic name 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid. It has pK_a1 = 2.36 and pK_a2 = 9.60. Refer to instructions. Draw the condensed structure for leucine, and label all chirality centers with an asterisk and identify the amine as primary, secondary or tertiary.

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Question 3

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To what structural feature does the term "tertiary structure" refer?

Instructions: Refer to the data below to answer the following question. $\underline{Amino~ Acid}~~~~~~~\underline{Isoelectic~ point}$ Aregrine $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 10.76 Glutamic Acid $~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 3.22 Tryptophan $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 5.89 Refer to instructions. At what pH would you carry out an electrophoresis experiment if you wanted to separate a mixture of lysine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine? Explain.

What are the R/S designations of the two stereocenters of L-threonine?

To what structural feature does the term "quaternary structure" refer?

Instructions: Refer to the data below to answer the following question(s). Leucine is an essential amino acid with the systematic name 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid. It has pK_a1 = 2.36 and pK_a2 = 9.60. Refer to instructions. Draw the structure of the predominant form of leucine at pH = 1.50.

Instructions: Refer to the data below to answer the following question. $\underline{Amino~ Acid}~~~~~~~\underline{Isoelectic~ point}$ Aregrine $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 10.76 Glutamic Acid $~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 3.22 Tryptophan $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 5.89 Refer to inatructions. The most acidic amino acid is ____.

Instructions: Refer to the data below to answer the following question(s). Porcine dynorphin is a neuropeptide having 17 amino acid residues. Its structure is shown below. Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-Trp-Asp-Asn-Gln Refer to instructions. What fragments would result if dynorphin were cleaved by trypsin?

Instructions: Match a term from the list below to each definition.

Instructions: Consider the following structure. Based on this structure answer the following question(s). Refer to instructions. Identify the C-terminal amino acid and the N-terminal amino acid.

Instructions: Match a term from the list below to each definition

Instructions: Consider the following structure. Based on this structure answer the following question(s) . Refer to instructions. How many other peptides could be formed from this same combination of amino acids?

To what structural feature does the term "secondary structure" refer?

Instructions: Refer to the data below to answer the following question. $\underline{Amino~ Acid}~~~~~~~\underline{Isoelectic~ point}$ Aregrine $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 10.76 Glutamic Acid $~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 3.22 Tryptophan $~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~$ 5.89 Refer to instructions. The most basic amino acid is __________.

Which of the following amino acids migrates to the negative electrode on paper electrophoresis at a pH of 7.0?

Which of the following amino acids has an aromatic side chain?

Which of the following amino acids migrates to the positive electrode on paper electrophoresis at a pH of 7.0?

Refer to the data below to answer the following questions: The octapeptide saralasin is a specific antagonist of angiotensin II. A derivative of saralasin is used therapeutically as an antihypertensive. Amino acid analysis of saralasin show the presence of the following amino acids: Ala, Arg, His, Pro, Sar, Tyr, Val₂ Refer to instructions. Partial hydrolysis of saralasin with dilute hydrochloric acid yields the following fragments: Tyr-Val-His Sar-Arg-Val His-Pro-Ala Val-Tyr-Val Arg-Val-Tyr What is the structure of saralasin? $\begin{array} { l } \text { Sar-Arg-Val } \\~~~~\text { Arg-Val-Tyr } \\~~~~~~~~~~\text { Val-Tyr-Val } \\~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\text { Tyr-Val-His } \\~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~{ \text { His-Pro-Ala } }\end{array}$

Which of the following amino acids would contain the highest concentration of zwitterions at pH 5.90?