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Voluntary emigration,a sparsely populated,challenging environment,and a capitalist economy have most clearly fostered


A) extraversion.
B) androgyny.
C) individualism.
D) gender typing.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Men and women are most likely to differ in their levels of


A) happiness.
B) intelligence.
C) creativity.
D) violent crime.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Describe likely differences between gender-typed and androgynous people with respect to the way or the extent to which they might classify things in terms of gender-linked traits such as masculinity and femininity.Illustrate your distinctions by referring to how gender-typed and androgynous people might think differently about academic interests,athletic pursuits,and political values.

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Biology ________ gender.


A) causes
B) creates
C) dictates
D) influences

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Psychological research has demonstrated a great deal of variation across cultures and over time.Discuss the roles of social norms,preservation of innovation,and the division of labor in these changes.

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Women report that their friendships with women are ________ enjoyable and intimate than their friendships with men.Men report that their friendships with women are ________ enjoyable and intimate than their friendships with men.


A) more;less
B) less;more
C) more;more
D) less;less

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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When Miranda learned that she had breast cancer,she turned to her neighbors and church community to find comfort and support for herself and her family.Miranda's behavior best illustrates a predisposition to


A) culture shock.
B) androgyny.
C) plasticity.
D) tend and befriend.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Brain scans suggest that a woman's brain,more often than a man's,is wired in a way that enables


A) creative problem solving.
B) happy moods.
C) social relationships.
D) quick reflexes.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Someone from the European community,which requires 20 paid vacation days each year,may experience ________ when working in the United States,which does not guarantee workers any paid vacation.


A) a pruning process
B) a selection effect
C) culture shock
D) androgyny

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Behaviors,attitudes,and traits expected of those who occupy a particular social position define a


A) norm.
B) role.
C) schema.
D) syndrome.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Compared with those in cultures that value individualism,people in collectivist cultures are especially likely to value personal


A) humility.
B) privacy.
C) freedom.
D) achievements.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Gender typing refers to the acquisition of


A) an enduring sexual attraction.
B) a sense of being either male or female.
C) a traditional masculine or feminine role.
D) secondary sex characteristics.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of a secondary sex characteristic?


A) female ovaries
B) male facial hair
C) gender typing
D) spermarche

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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The X chromosome is found ________.The Y chromosome is found ________.


A) only in males;only in females
B) only in females;only in males
C) in both males and females;only in females
D) in both males and females;only in males

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role is called


A) gender dysphoria.
B) androgyny.
C) gender typing.
D) gender identity.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Social norms have been found to


A) facilitate smooth social interaction.
B) vary from one culture to another.
C) free people from uncertainty about how they ought to behave.
D) do all of these things.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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People are most likely to be adaptable to a variety of different roles if they are


A) androgynous.
B) lesbian.
C) gender-typed.
D) dysphoric.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Premature infants who are regularly touched and massaged are more likely than their unstimulated counterparts to show signs of


A) reduced brain plasticity.
B) gender typing.
C) individualism.
D) rapid weight gain.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Miriam describes herself as highly self-confident and competitive but also very open to others for support and friendship.Miriam best illustrates


A) gender typing.
B) androgyny.
C) secondary sex characteristics.
D) menarche.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Compared with many Asian and African parents,today's Westernized parents are more likely to teach their children to value


A) obedience.
B) emotional closeness.
C) independence.
D) family traditions.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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