Question 1

Generally,nerve impulses do not move "backward" along a series of neurons.What is the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is a short refractory period during which sodium gates cannot open and an action potential cannot move backwards.
B)   Once the signal has passed, the nerves separate from each other so it cannot go backwards.
C)   At the synapse, the pre-synaptic membrane has receptors ensuring the transmission only goes one way.
D)   Once the sodium channels open, they cannot be closed.
E)   The resting potential of the neuron prevents it from conducting an impulse.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 2

The summing up of excitatory and inhibitory signals in a neuron is called

Accepted Answer

A)   repolarization.
B)   inhibition.
C)   synapse.
D)   synaptic integration.
E)   sympathetic response.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

The brains of Alzheimer disease patients show no abnormalities post-mortem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)   In both cases, the patient slowly loses memory and slowly drifts into inactivity.
B)   In both cases, the patient becomes increasingly excited and over stimulated.
C)   Patients with AD produce too much beta amyloid while those with PD produce too little dopamine.
D)   Patients with AD produce too little beta amyloid while those with PD produce too little dopamine.
E)   Patients with AD produce too much beta amyloid while those with PD produce too much dopamine.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Which part of a simple reflex takes the message away from the CNS?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory neuron
B)   receptor
C)   interneuron
D)   motor neuron
E)   effectorF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following is a long-term effect of heroin use?

Accepted Answer

A)   The body decreases the production of endorphins.
B)   The body increases the production of endorphins.
C)   A decrease in dopamine production.
D)   A release of excess dopamine.
E)   All of these are long term side effects of heroin use.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

A stroke results from a disruption of the blood supply to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which is NOT a correct association of structure and function?

Accepted Answer

A)   axons-outgoing signals
B)   sensory neuron-controls sensory organs such as eyes
C)   cell body-nucleus and organelles
D)   dendrites-incoming signals
E)   interneuron-sums up input before sending signals to muscle or glandF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Explain the transmission across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Accepted Answer

1.An action potential arrives at an axon...

Question 10

Which statement is NOT true about the development of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is a rapid change in polarity from about -65 mV to about +40 mV.
B)   It requires two types of gated channels.
C)   The action potential ends when the polarity across the membrane reaches +40 mV.
D)   Depolarization occurs when sodium gates open and allow sodium ions to enter the cell.
E)   Potassium gates open after the sodium gates and allow potassium ions to leave the cell.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 11

Which types of cells are found only in the Central Nervous System?

Accepted Answer

A)   interneurons
B)   sensory neurons
C)   motor neurons
D)   interneurons and sensory neurons
E)   interneurons and motor neuronsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

People claim that once you have learned to ride a bicycle you can always ride a bicycle,even if you haven't ridden for a long time.What type of memory is associated with this?

Accepted Answer

A)   short-term memory
B)   episodic memory
C)   semantic memory
D)   long-term memory
E)   skill memoryF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 13

Transmission of a nerve impulse from one neuron to another neuron is NOT dependent on

Accepted Answer

A)   the presence of calcium ions.
B)   a neurotransmitter substance.
C)   a synaptic cleft.
D)   a presynaptic and postsynaptic membrane.
E)   a refractory period.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is the best description of the cause of multiple sclerosis (MS) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   gradual death of brain cells due to calcium influx
B)   myelin sheath lesions impair normal coordination of impulses
C)   synaptic uptake of dopamine is inhibited
D)   degeneration of dopamine-releasing neurons in the brain
E)   excessive excitatory signals from the motor cortexF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord are called

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebrospinal membranes.
B)   meninges.
C)   ventricles.
D)   epithelium.
E)   gray matter.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

Consciousness is best associated with the

Accepted Answer

A)   whole brain.
B)   frontal lobe only.
C)   cerebrum.
D)   whole central nervous system.
E)   cerebellum.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Why does the primary somatosensory area have a larger section dedicated to the fingers and hand,than to the feet and toes?

Accepted Answer

A)   the fingers and hand are how we take in more sensory information from our surroundings than the feet and toes
B)   the fingers and hand are above the spinal cord termination while the feet and toes are below it
C)   the feet and toes require more motor area so they get less somatosensory area
D)   the feet and toes are not innervated
E)   the fingers and hand do not have motor area sections, so they are controlled by the somatosensory areaF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

In Figure 17.16,the structure at "a" is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   interneuron.
B)   sensory neuron.
C)   receptor.
D)   motor neuron.
E)   effector.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

The likely effect on a neuron of two excitatory signals and twenty inhibitory signals is

Accepted Answer

A)   transmission of a nerve impulse.
B)   transmission of a nerve impulse releasing excitatory neurotransmitters at the next synapse.
C)   transmission of a nerve impulse releasing inhibitory neurotransmitters at the next synapse.
D)   prohibiting the axon from firing at all.
E)   confused integration.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

What are the long-term consequences associated with the use of cocaine?

Accepted Answer

A)   A decrease in dopamine production.
B)   A decrease in the natural production of endorphins.
C)   The release of excess dopamine.
D)   Hallucinations, anxiety, depression, body image distortion and other psychotic symptoms.
E)   All of these are consequences associated with the use of cocaine.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Exam 17: Nervous System

Which types of cells are found only in the Central Nervous System?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People claim that once you have learned to ride a bicycle you can always ride a bicycle,even if you haven't ridden for a long time.What type of memory is associated with this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transmission of a nerve impulse from one neuron to another neuron is NOT dependent on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consciousness is best associated with the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does the primary somatosensory area have a larger section dedicated to the fingers and hand,than to the feet and toes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is NOT true about the development of an action potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A stroke results from a disruption of the blood supply to the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The likely effect on a neuron of two excitatory signals and twenty inhibitory signals is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best description of the cause of multiple sclerosis (MS) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brains of Alzheimer disease patients show no abnormalities post-mortem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of a simple reflex takes the message away from the CNS?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Figure 17.16,the structure at "a" is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The summing up of excitatory and inhibitory signals in a neuron is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a long-term effect of heroin use?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the transmission across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Correct Answerverified1.An action potential arrives at an axon...View AnswerShow Answer

The membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT a correct association of structure and function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the long-term consequences associated with the use of cocaine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally,nerve impulses do not move "backward" along a series of neurons.What is the reason for this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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1.An action potential arrives at an axon...
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