Question 1

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Psychrophiles - adapted to very low temperatures
B)   Extreme halophiles - adapted to salty habitats
C)   Methanogens - convert CO2 and H2 into methane
D)   Hyperthermophiles - adapted to high temperatures
E)   Thermoplasmas - adapted to warm-blooded animal environmentsF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

The cell envelope or its parts can interact with human tissue and cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

During the Gram stain,the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   gram-positive
B)   gram-negative
C)   all
D)   pleomorphicE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

The chemical components of ribosomes are proteins and ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   mRNA
B)   tRNA
C)   rRNA
D)   DNAE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ribosomes are present as the site of protein synthesis.
B)   Organelles termed mitochondria are the site of ATP production.
C)   The cell wall is made of peptidoglycan or other distinct polysaccharides.
D)   DNA is free in the cytoplasm.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shape?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spirochete
B)   Vibrio
C)   Coccus
D)   Bacillus
E)   TetradF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) chains cross-linked by short peptide fragments is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   lysozyme
B)   lipopolysaccharide
C)   mycolic acid
D)   peptidoglycan
E)   teichoic acidF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacillus
B)   Mycobacterium
C)   Mycoplasma
D)   Corynebacterium.
E)   StreptococcusF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

In which situation would a bacterium most likely have cytoplasmic inclusions?

Accepted Answer

A)   When producing an endospore
B)   When the cell is synthesizing flagella
C)   When the cell is starved for nutrients
D)   In a habitat abundant in nutrientsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

The basal body of a flagellum is anchored into the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   hook
B)   cell membrane
C)   cell wall
D)   peptidoglycan layer
E)   outer membraneF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   peritrichous
B)   atrichous
C)   monotrichous
D)   amphitrichous
E)   lophotrichousF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The region between the bacterial cell membrane and the cell wall is called the outer membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The reference for bacterial descriptions and classifications is _____ Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

Accepted Answer

A)   Leeuwenhoek's
B)   Lister's
C)   Koch's
D)   Bergey's
E)   Pasteur'sF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   peritrichous
B)   lophotrichous
C)   monotrichous
D)   atrichous
E)   amphitrichousF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tenericutes - waxy, acid-fast cell walls
B)   Gracilicutes - gram-negative cell walls
C)   Mendosicutes - archaea cell walls
D)   Firmicutes - gram-positive cell wallsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

You apply the acid-fast stain method to a patient's specimen,an aspirate from the lungs.Microscopic examination reveals a large number of bright pink-red bacillus-shaped bacteria in the smear.Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   This is the expected outcome for normal sputum.
B)   The patient has pneumonia.
C)   The patient has tuberculosis.
D)   The patient has an HIV infection.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

All of the following occur during endospore germination except

Accepted Answer

A)   the cell grows out of its protein coats.
B)   binding of a small organic molecule to initiate germination.
C)   dehydration of the cell components.
D)   enzymes digest the endospore cortex.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

At present,the most accurate indicator of evolutionary relatedness among organisms is the

Accepted Answer

A)   size of the bacterial chromosome.
B)   similarities of cell membrane proteins.
C)   sequence of the ribosomal small subunit RNA.
D)   size of the ribosomes.
E)   size of the periplasmic space.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

An irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   staphylospirillum
B)   streptobacillus
C)   staphylobacillus
D)   streptococcus
E)   staphylococcusF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers specifically target lipids,making them most effective when trying to eliminate ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   endospores
B)   biofilms
C)   gram-positives
D)   viruses
E)   gram-negativesF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

In which situation would a bacterium most likely have cytoplasmic inclusions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells is termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You apply the acid-fast stain method to a patient's specimen,an aspirate from the lungs.Microscopic examination reveals a large number of bright pink-red bacillus-shaped bacteria in the smear.Which statement is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) chains cross-linked by short peptide fragments is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shape?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basal body of a flagellum is anchored into the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following occur during endospore germination except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the Gram stain,the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of ______ cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers specifically target lipids,making them most effective when trying to eliminate ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical components of ribosomes are proteins and ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At present,the most accurate indicator of evolutionary relatedness among organisms is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reference for bacterial descriptions and classifications is _____ Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region between the bacterial cell membrane and the cell wall is called the outer membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell envelope or its parts can interact with human tissue and cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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