Question 1

You are "living off the grid" meaning that you are not using any public utilities: no water supply,sewer connection,natural gas,or electricity.You do have a septic tank,whose pipe carries sewage underground where it is released over a wide area,the leaching field.There is also a small pond out there that you have stocked with fish.However,you notice that the fish are floating dead in the water,and the pond has a green scum on it.What happened?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is oxygen depletion in the pond due to the leakage of phosphates and other compounds from your septic tank.
B)   There are not enough nutrients in the water, so the fish died.
C)   Chemical toxins from your septic tank cleaner have killed the fish.
D)   The fish died due to a lack of calcium, which then caused the algae to overgrow.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

The major group of organisms that fix nitrogen into ammonia and then oxidize it to nitrate are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteria
B)   fungi
C)   protozoa
D)   algaeE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

A Paramecium is an example of a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   primary consumer
B)   primary producer
C)   quaternary consumer
D)   tertiary consumer
E)   secondary consumerF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

Metagenomic analysis involves DNA sequencing of various samples taken from a particular habitat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Considering the increase in tick-borne diseases in the context of "One Health," which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Borrelia, Babesia, and Ehrlichia can rapidly adapt to changing insect vectors, thereby increasing their populations as they move from ticks to mosquitoes.
B)   Ticks carrying multiple pathogens reproduce at a slower rate, rendering them less likely to infect humans.
C)   Lyme disease has spread from deer to humans upon increasing development of the forested environments usually inhabited by deer.
D)   Ticks carrying Borrelia are likely to encounter hosts already infected with Babesia or Ehrlichia, resulting in ticks that co-infect with multiple pathogens.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Software aligns sequences and assemble large portions of genomes.
B)   The samples are subject to polymerase chain reaction for amplification.
C)   The sequences of the amplified fragments are determined by next-generation methods.
D)   Proteins are extracted from an environment, fragmented, and adaptors are added.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

The majority of Earth's water is found in ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   icecaps and glaciers
B)   oceans
C)   freshwater lakes
D)   soil moisture
E)   ground waterF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Which environment represents the largest pool of microbial genes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rainforest
B)   Freshwater lakes
C)   Oceans
D)   Soil
E)   Humans and animalsF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

The three components that interact for one health are

Accepted Answer

A)   the environment, humans, and animals.
B)   prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses.
C)   producers, consumers, and decomposers.
D)   bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The warmest area of a lake during the summer is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   benthic zone
B)   limnion
C)   thermocline
D)   hypolimnion
E)   epilimnionF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Toxic substances accumulate through natural trophic flow of an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The total amount of water in the hydrologic cycle has been decreasing over the last million years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is a source of methane?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gastrointestinal tract of cattle and sheep
B)   Photosynthesis from halophiles in the Dead Sea
C)   Decomposition of organic detritus on the forest floor
D)   Degradation of cellulose and lignin by fungi
E)   All of these processes produce methane.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Plastic marine debris was collected from multiple sites in the ocean and examined with electron microscopy and next-generation sequencing.These techniques revealed microbial communities growing on the plastics.Which of the following statements is correct regarding these communities?

Accepted Answer

A)   The community within the plastic must be very similar to the community in the surrounding ocean waters.
B)   These communities are very likely to be pure cultures, as plastics have been synthesized precisely because they are resistant to microbial degradation.
C)   There are no bacteriophage that use these microbes as hosts, as viruses are rare in marine ecosystems.
D)   At least one member of the community must synthesize an enzyme to degrade the hydrocarbon comprising the plastic.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The combustion of fossil fuels,such as coal,oil,and gas,have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO2 gas over the last 25 years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Phytoplankton is composed of protozoa and small invertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The breakdown of man-made compounds by decomposers is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   saprobism
B)   mineralization
C)   decomposition
D)   parasitism
E)   bioremediationF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

There are very few viruses in aquatic environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

A Paramecium is an example of a ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a source of methane?

Correct Answer
verified

The breakdown of man-made compounds by decomposers is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Phytoplankton is composed of protozoa and small invertebrates.

Correct Answer
verified

The three components that interact for one health are

Correct Answer
verified

The warmest area of a lake during the summer is the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which environment represents the largest pool of microbial genes?

Correct Answer
verified

The majority of Earth's water is found in ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Plastic marine debris was collected from multiple sites in the ocean and examined with electron microscopy and next-generation sequencing.These techniques revealed microbial communities growing on the plastics.Which of the following statements is correct regarding these communities?

Correct Answer
verified

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Correct Answer
verified

The total amount of water in the hydrologic cycle has been decreasing over the last million years.

Correct Answer
verified

Considering the increase in tick-borne diseases in the context of "One Health," which of the following statements is correct?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

The combustion of fossil fuels,such as coal,oil,and gas,have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO₂ gas over the last 25 years.

Correct Answer
verified

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

Correct Answer
verified

Metagenomic analysis involves DNA sequencing of various samples taken from a particular habitat.

Correct Answer
verified

There are very few viruses in aquatic environments.

Correct Answer
verified

Toxic substances accumulate through natural trophic flow of an ecosystem.

Correct Answer
verified

The major group of organisms that fix nitrogen into ammonia and then oxidize it to nitrate are ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

A Paramecium is an example of a ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a source of methane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The breakdown of man-made compounds by decomposers is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phytoplankton is composed of protozoa and small invertebrates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three components that interact for one health are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The warmest area of a lake during the summer is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which environment represents the largest pool of microbial genes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of Earth's water is found in ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plastic marine debris was collected from multiple sites in the ocean and examined with electron microscopy and next-generation sequencing.These techniques revealed microbial communities growing on the plastics.Which of the following statements is correct regarding these communities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total amount of water in the hydrologic cycle has been decreasing over the last million years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considering the increase in tick-borne diseases in the context of "One Health," which of the following statements is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The combustion of fossil fuels,such as coal,oil,and gas,have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO2 gas over the last 25 years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metagenomic analysis involves DNA sequencing of various samples taken from a particular habitat.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are very few viruses in aquatic environments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Toxic substances accumulate through natural trophic flow of an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major group of organisms that fix nitrogen into ammonia and then oxidize it to nitrate are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The combustion of fossil fuels,such as coal,oil,and gas,have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO₂ gas over the last 25 years.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified