Question 1

To best prevent emphysema,a patient is instructed to stop smoking since cigarette smoke

Accepted Answer

A)   impairs a₁-antitrypsin, allowing elastase to predominate.
B)   paralyzes the cilia, causing impaired mucociliary clearance.
C)   predisposes to respiratory infections.
D)   introduces carcinogens into the lungs.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

COPD leads to a barrel chest,because it causes

Accepted Answer

A)   pulmonary edema.
B)   muscle atrophy.
C)   prolonged inspiration.
D)   air trapping.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The assessment findings of a 5-year-old with a history of asthma include extreme shortness of breath,nasal flaring,coughing,pulsus paradoxus,and use of accessory respiratory muscles.There is no wheezing and the chest is silent in many areas.How should you interpret your assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)   The child probably has consolidated pneumonia; oxygen should be started immediately.
B)   Since there is not wheezing, asthma is the problem, but oxygen should be started immediately anyway.
C)   The signs and symptoms are consistent with asthma; start oxygen and then check to see that your stethoscope is working properly.
D)   The child may be having such a severe asthma episode that the airways are closed, so start oxygen and get the doctor immediately.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

In individuals who have asthma,exposure to an allergen to which they are sensitized leads to which pathophysiologic event?

Accepted Answer

A)   Loss of alveolar elastin and premature closure of airways
B)   Pulmonary edema and decreased alveolar compliance
C)   Mast cell degranulation that causes decreased surfactant
D)   Inflammation, mucosal edema, and bronchoconstrictionE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which pulmonary function test result is consistent with a diagnosis of asthma?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) 
B)   Decreased functional residual capacity
C)   Increased FEV1
D)   Reduced total lung volumeE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

When assessing an individual during an acute asthma episode,you should expect to find (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   use of accessory breathing muscles.
B)   expiratory wheezing.
C)   foul-smelling sputum.
D)   coughing.
E)   feeling of chest tightness.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Individuals who have chronic bronchitis most often have

Accepted Answer

A)   a productive cough.
B)   normal lung sounds.
C)   a barrel chest.
D)   substantial weight loss.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

After evaluation,a child's asthma is characterized as "extrinsic." This means that the asthma is

Accepted Answer

A)   of unknown pathogenesis.
B)   associated with specific allergic triggers.
C)   associated with respiratory infections.
D)   induced by psychological factors (stress) .E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Chronic bronchitis often leads to cor pulmonale because of

Accepted Answer

A)   ventricular hypoxia.
B)   increased pulmonary vascular resistance.
C)   left ventricular strain.
D)   hypervolemia.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

When a client diagnosed with COPD type A asks,"Why is my chest so big and round?",the nurse responds that

Accepted Answer

A)   "Loss of elastic tissue in your lungs allows your airways to close and trap air, which makes your chest round."
B)   "Swelling and mucus in your airways causes air to be trapped in your lungs, which makes your chest round."
C)   "Coughing caused by your condition has changed the structure of your airways, which makes your chest round."
D)   "Scar tissue in your lungs makes them stiff and more full of air than usual, which makes your chest round."E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Characteristics of asthma include (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   chronic inflammatory disorder.
B)   airway hyperresponsiveness.
C)   alveolar collapse.
D)   genetic susceptibility.
E)   airway remodeling.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis is because of

Accepted Answer

A)   thick mucus, fibrosis, and smooth muscle hypertrophy.
B)   loss of alveolar elastin.
C)   pulmonary edema.
D)   hyperplasia and deformation of bronchial cartilage.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Copious amounts of foul-smelling sputum are generally associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   emphysema.
B)   epiglottitis.
C)   pulmonary edema.
D)   bronchiectasis.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

An acute asthma attack is associated with (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   bronchoconstriction.
B)   bronchial mucosal edema.
C)   hypersecretion of mucus.
D)   alveolar collapse.
E)   hypoxemia.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D) A,B,C,E

Question 15

Which complication of asthma is life threatening?

Accepted Answer

A)   Exercise-induced asthma
B)   Late phase response
C)   Status asthmaticus
D)   Mast cell degranulationE) A) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 16

The hypersecretion of mucus resulting for chronic bronchitis is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   recurrent infection.
B)   destruction of alveolar septa.
C)   reduced inflammation.
D)   barrel chest.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Asthma is categorized as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   restrictive pulmonary disorder.
B)   infective pulmonary disorder.
C)   obstructive pulmonary disorder.
D)   type of acute tracheobronchial obstruction.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

When exposed to inhaled allergens,a patient with asthma produces large quantities of

Accepted Answer

A)   IgG.
B)   IgE.
C)   IgA.
D)   IgM.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C) B

Question 19

Emphysema results from destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries,which is because of

Accepted Answer

A)   release of proteolytic enzymes from immune cells.
B)   air trapping with resultant excessive alveolar pressure.
C)   excessive a₁-antitrypsin.
D)   autoantibodies against pulmonary basement membrane.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Obstructive disorders are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   low residual volumes.
B)   low expiratory flow rates.
C)   increased expiratory reserve volume.
D)   decreased total lung capacity.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Exam 22: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

To best prevent emphysema,a patient is instructed to stop smoking since cigarette smoke

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

COPD leads to a barrel chest,because it causes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The assessment findings of a 5-year-old with a history of asthma include extreme shortness of breath,nasal flaring,coughing,pulsus paradoxus,and use of accessory respiratory muscles.There is no wheezing and the chest is silent in many areas.How should you interpret your assessment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In individuals who have asthma,exposure to an allergen to which they are sensitized leads to which pathophysiologic event?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which pulmonary function test result is consistent with a diagnosis of asthma?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When assessing an individual during an acute asthma episode,you should expect to find (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals who have chronic bronchitis most often have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After evaluation,a child's asthma is characterized as "extrinsic." This means that the asthma is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chronic bronchitis often leads to cor pulmonale because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a client diagnosed with COPD type A asks,"Why is my chest so big and round?",the nurse responds that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Characteristics of asthma include (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis is because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Copious amounts of foul-smelling sputum are generally associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An acute asthma attack is associated with (Select all that apply.)

Correct AnswerverifiedA,B,C,E

Which complication of asthma is life threatening?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The hypersecretion of mucus resulting for chronic bronchitis is the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Asthma is categorized as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When exposed to inhaled allergens,a patient with asthma produces large quantities of

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Emphysema results from destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries,which is because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Obstructive disorders are associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A,B,C,E

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C

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B

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