Question 1

Sympathetic nervous system influences on glomerular filtration rate are considered ________ controls.

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic
B)  extrinsicC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 2

Generally,the higher a substance's transport maximum is,the lower its renal threshold will be.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Each kidney contains more than a million "functional units" called ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each kidney contains more than a million...

Question 4

Which is not correct regarding nephrons

Accepted Answer

A)  The renal corpuscle includes the glomerulus and the glomerular capsule.
B)  The renal tubule is composed of the proximal convoluted tubule,nephron loop,and distal convoluted tubule.
C)  The nephron is the functional filtration unit in the kidney.
D)  Eighty-five percent of nephrons are cortical nephrons.
E)  The renal corpuscle may be located in the renal cortex or renal medulla.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

The average adult kidney weighs about 100 grams and measures about

Accepted Answer

A)  12 cm long,6.5 cm wide,and 2.5 cm thick.
B)  8 cm long,4 cm wide,and 1.5 cm thick.
C)  15 cm long,10.5 cm wide,and 4.5 cm thick.
D)  8 cm long,10.5 cm wide,and 2.5 cm thick.
E)  12 cm long,2.5 cm wide,and 8 cm thick.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Generally,negatively charged plasma proteins are

Accepted Answer

A)  moved across the filtration membrane by active transport pumps.
B)  attracted by the positive charge of the filtration membrane.
C)  repelled by the negative charge of the filtration membrane.
D)  engulfed by endocytosis and reabsorbed at the filtration membrane.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

-This figure shows a renal corpuscle.The two structures indicated by numbers 3 and 4 collectively form the

Accepted Answer

A)  macula densa.
B)  juxtaglomerular apparatus.
C)  corticomedullary junction.
D)  juxtamedullary junction.
E)  vasa recta.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Where are the renal pyramids located within the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal cortex
B)  Renal sinus
C)  Renal pelvis
D)  Renal medulla
E)  Renal papillaF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

The primary mechanism of water reabsorption in the kidney is

Accepted Answer

A)  primary active transport by means of a protein pump.
B)  osmosis through aquaporins.
C)  secondary active transport by means of a sodium-water symporter.
D)  bulk transport by means of endocytosis.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Renal plasma clearance

Accepted Answer

A)  is lower than GFR for substances that are both filtered and secreted.
B)  is the same as GFR for substances that are both filtered and secreted.
C)  is the amount of water loss from the plasma to the urine over the course of one hour.
D)  is the volume of plasma that can be entirely cleared of a substance in one minute.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The kidneys are located ___________ the peritoneum.

Accepted Answer

A)  within
B)  anterior to
C)  posterior toD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 12

The main parts of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are the

Accepted Answer

A)  principal cells and macula densa.
B)  granular cells and macula densa.
C)  granular cells and intercalated cells.
D)  intercalated cells and principal cells.
E)  principal cells and granular cells.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the ________ and its ________ limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex;ascending
B)  cortex;descending
C)  medulla;ascending
D)  medulla;descendingE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Both the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule reside in the cortex of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Pain from the kidneys is usually referred by way of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomic pathways to the inferior pelvic organs.
B)  sympathetic pathways to the T10-T12 dermatomes.
C)  somatic pathways to the left shoulder.
D)  parasympathetic pathways to the T1-T2 region.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Glucose and protein are common solutes within urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The countercurrent multiplier is a system by which the

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron loop multiplies the concentration of salts in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla.
B)  nephron loop dilutes the concentration of solutes in the tubular fluid at its hairpin turn.
C)  vasa recta secretes multiple amounts of metabolic wastes against their concentration gradient.
D)  vasa recta becomes more concentrated with nitrogenous wastes than the urine.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Urination is triggered by a complex sequence of events called the ___________ reflex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Urination is triggered by a complex sequence...

Question 19

During prolonged fasting,the kidneys produce glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Substances that are reabsorbed by passing between epithelial cells of the tubular walls undergo _________ transport.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Substances that are reabsorbed by passing between...

Exam 24: Urinary System

Renal plasma clearance

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the ________ and its ________ limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose and protein are common solutes within urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main parts of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are the renal pyramids located within the kidney

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys are located ___________ the peritoneum.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances that are reabsorbed by passing between epithelial cells of the tubular walls undergo _________ transport.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct regarding nephrons

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urination is triggered by a complex sequence of events called the ___________ reflex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule reside in the cortex of the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympathetic nervous system influences on glomerular filtration rate are considered ________ controls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each kidney contains more than a million "functional units" called ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During prolonged fasting,the kidneys produce glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally,negatively charged plasma proteins are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The countercurrent multiplier is a system by which the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally,the higher a substance's transport maximum is,the lower its renal threshold will be.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure shows a renal corpuscle.The two structures indicated by numbers 3 and 4 collectively form the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pain from the kidneys is usually referred by way of the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average adult kidney weighs about 100 grams and measures about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary mechanism of water reabsorption in the kidney is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the and its limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule.

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