Question 1

You are interested in looking at the relationship between education and well-being. You decide that you will use the number of years of schooling completed as the way you will measure level of education. This step in the scientific method is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   operationalizing the concept.
B)   establishing the validity of your measure.
C)   determining if your measure is reliable.
D)   standardizing your measure.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) A

Question 2

As part of research study, a researcher decides that she will use the number of pieces of junk mail that a family receives each week as an indicator of how wealthy the family is. If we do not have a good reason to believe that these two things are related, her measure of family wealth is

Accepted Answer

A)   unreliable.
B)   not valid.
C)   unstandardized.
D)   multidimensional.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

One important reason why a researcher might choose to collect data using observations is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the data are easier to interpret than data collected using other research methods.
B)   observations can capture behavior as it naturally occurs.
C)   the conclusions can be more easily generalized to other groups of children.
D)   we can draw causal inferences from our observations.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

When you find a positive correlation between two variables, it means that

Accepted Answer

A)   these variables have a beneficial effect on the child's development.
B)   changes in the first variable will cause a change in the second variable.
C)   as the value of one variable goes up so does the value of the second variable.
D)   these two variables can predict the value of a third variable.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

When Piaget was conducting his research, he might present a story and then ask children questions about it. There were some questions he asked every child, but there also were questions that were specifically tied to the child's initial response. Piaget was using a ____________ to conduct his research.

Accepted Answer

A)   standardized interview
B)   a modified interview
C)   clinical interview
D)   flexible interviewE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Describe four different methods that researchers might use to assess creativity in children.

Accepted Answer

1. Divergent thinking tasks: Researchers...

Question 7

When a researcher combines data from different studies to determine whether there is a consistent pattern of findings across studies, she is performing a/an

Accepted Answer

A)   meta-analysis.
B)   cross-sectional study.
C)   sequential analysis.
D)   effect size.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following correlations is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

A)   +.25
B)   -.82
C)   +.63
D)   -.11E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Research that has the primary goal of satisfying our curiosity and increasing our understanding of the world we live in is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   fundamental research.
B)   basic research.
C)   scientific research.
D)   primary research.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

In a natural experiment conducted in India that compared children of the same age who had different number of years of schooling, the researchers concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)   schooling made a smaller impact on the children's competence than did the children's everyday experiences.
B)   competence increased in direct relationship to the number of years of school the child had attended.
C)   there was no difference for children in elementary school, but schooling became more important for older children.
D)   the structure of the children's families had a bigger impact than did the number of years they had attended school.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Physiological tests (such as EEGs and ERPs)  are particularly useful in research on

Accepted Answer

A)   infants because their central nervous system is more responsive than the central nervous system of older children.
B)   adolescents because they often are not aware of their true feelings and can't report on them.
C)   infants and young children who are not yet speaking and therefore cannot answer questions or follow complex instructions.
D)   adolescents because their hormones make their central nervous system more reactive to physical stimuli than to words.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

A researcher who is conducting observations to test her own hypothesis may see or pay more attention to behavior that tends to support that hypothesis, so she must guard against

Accepted Answer

A)   premature interpretation.
B)   causal references.
C)   observer bias.
D)   sampling bias.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following precautions is specifically meant for children who are subjects in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have the right to withdraw from participation at any point.
B)   The expectation that the researcher will use the least stressful research procedures possible.
C)   The data collected must be treated as confidential.
D)   They must freely agree to participate.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above B

Question 14

When observations are carefully done and include a representative sample of children, you can determine the causes of their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

If you were interested in studying what causes disagreements among friends in middle school and how those disagreements are resolved, an appropriate technique to use to study this topic would be

Accepted Answer

A)   a time sample.
B)   a case study.
C)   a path analysis.
D)   an event sample.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

One of the advantages of doing research by using observations is that we can

Accepted Answer

A)   determine the causes of behavior.
B)   observe behavior as it naturally occurs.
C)   compare a single individual to an entire group of individuals.
D)   generalize our results to most populations.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Professor Alsmith looks at changes in self-esteem across adolescence by measuring the self-esteem of 11 year olds, 13 year olds, 15 year olds, and 17 year olds and comparing the results between the groups. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   archival study.
B)   longitudinal study.
C)   correlational study.
D)   cross sectional study.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 18

The unique advantage of experimental research is that it

Accepted Answer

A)   can be used with large, diverse groups of participants.
B)   relies on norms to determine what is typical or average.
C)   can produce data that periodically is updated.
D)   can identify the causes of behavior.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

A disadvantage of using physiological measures in research on infants and young children is that

Accepted Answer

A)   it requires expensive and sophisticated equipment.
B)   these measures cannot be used with children who are too young to understand and follow complicated instructions.
C)   the procedures are invasive and painful so parents don't want to consent to them.
D)   they can give us a static picture of brain structure, but not brain functioning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

When the results of a study are statistically significant, it means that

Accepted Answer

A)   the results are not likely to have occurred by chance.
B)   the differences found will have an important impact on children's development.
C)   the research has been carefully conducted.
D)   there is no other interpretation of the results of the study.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 3: How We Study Development

You are interested in looking at the relationship between education and well-being. You decide that you will use the number of years of schooling completed as the way you will measure level of education. This step in the scientific method is called:

Correct Answer
verified
A

As part of research study, a researcher decides that she will use the number of pieces of junk mail that a family receives each week as an indicator of how wealthy the family is. If we do not have a good reason to believe that these two things are related, her measure of family wealth is

Correct Answer
verified

One important reason why a researcher might choose to collect data using observations is that

Correct Answer
verified

When you find a positive correlation between two variables, it means that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Describe four different methods that researchers might use to assess creativity in children.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
1. Divergent thinking tasks: Researchers...
View Answer

When a researcher combines data from different studies to determine whether there is a consistent pattern of findings across studies, she is performing a/an

Correct Answer
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Which of the following correlations is the strongest?

Correct Answer
verified

Research that has the primary goal of satisfying our curiosity and increasing our understanding of the world we live in is called:

Correct Answer
verified

In a natural experiment conducted in India that compared children of the same age who had different number of years of schooling, the researchers concluded that

Correct Answer
verified

Physiological tests (such as EEGs and ERPs) are particularly useful in research on

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher who is conducting observations to test her own hypothesis may see or pay more attention to behavior that tends to support that hypothesis, so she must guard against

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following precautions is specifically meant for children who are subjects in a research study?

Correct Answer
verified
B

When observations are carefully done and include a representative sample of children, you can determine the causes of their behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

If you were interested in studying what causes disagreements among friends in middle school and how those disagreements are resolved, an appropriate technique to use to study this topic would be

Correct Answer
verified

One of the advantages of doing research by using observations is that we can

Correct Answer
verified

Professor Alsmith looks at changes in self-esteem across adolescence by measuring the self-esteem of 11 year olds, 13 year olds, 15 year olds, and 17 year olds and comparing the results between the groups. This is an example of a(n)

Correct Answer
verified
D

The unique advantage of experimental research is that it

Correct Answer
verified

A disadvantage of using physiological measures in research on infants and young children is that

Correct Answer
verified

When the results of a study are statistically significant, it means that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: How We Study Development

You are interested in looking at the relationship between education and well-being. You decide that you will use the number of years of schooling completed as the way you will measure level of education. This step in the scientific method is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

As part of research study, a researcher decides that she will use the number of pieces of junk mail that a family receives each week as an indicator of how wealthy the family is. If we do not have a good reason to believe that these two things are related, her measure of family wealth is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One important reason why a researcher might choose to collect data using observations is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you find a positive correlation between two variables, it means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe four different methods that researchers might use to assess creativity in children.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AI1. Divergent thinking tasks: Researchers...View AnswerShow Answer

When a researcher combines data from different studies to determine whether there is a consistent pattern of findings across studies, she is performing a/an

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correlations is the strongest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research that has the primary goal of satisfying our curiosity and increasing our understanding of the world we live in is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a natural experiment conducted in India that compared children of the same age who had different number of years of schooling, the researchers concluded that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physiological tests (such as EEGs and ERPs) are particularly useful in research on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher who is conducting observations to test her own hypothesis may see or pay more attention to behavior that tends to support that hypothesis, so she must guard against

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following precautions is specifically meant for children who are subjects in a research study?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

When observations are carefully done and include a representative sample of children, you can determine the causes of their behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were interested in studying what causes disagreements among friends in middle school and how those disagreements are resolved, an appropriate technique to use to study this topic would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the advantages of doing research by using observations is that we can

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Alsmith looks at changes in self-esteem across adolescence by measuring the self-esteem of 11 year olds, 13 year olds, 15 year olds, and 17 year olds and comparing the results between the groups. This is an example of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The unique advantage of experimental research is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disadvantage of using physiological measures in research on infants and young children is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the results of a study are statistically significant, it means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
1. Divergent thinking tasks: Researchers...
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B

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D

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