Question 1

Although everyday cultural practices-such as greeting a friend, giving flowers, or using the thumbs-up sign-seem like natural ways of acting, why does an awareness of how they vary across cultures demonstrate a healthy sociological imagination?

Accepted Answer

A)   It ensures that we don't accidentally make a faux pas.
B)   It reminds us that everyday interactions are connected to larger social structures.
C)   It helps us economically when we do business in different countries.
D)   It lets us understand how immigrants perceive America when they move here.
E)   all of the aboveF) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Jane Addams was an early advocate of applied sociology. As a result, she did not just do research, she also:

Accepted Answer

A)   reported illegal activities to the proper authorities.
B)   examined the historical origins of the phenomena she researched.
C)   tried to address the problems she researched through hands-on activity in the communities she researched.
D)   wrote extensively on the common foods eaten in the communities she researched.
E)   compared the communities she studied to communities from other cultures.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Karl Marx believed that the economy was closely related to other social processes, including politics, values, beliefs, and norms. As a result, what did he also believe?

Accepted Answer

A)   The lower classes have infinite opportunities for financial investment.
B)   The lower classes almost always understand the sources of their oppression.
C)   The ruling ideas are the ideas of the ruling class.
D)   The ruling class has relatively little control over popular culture.
E)   The ruling ideas are meant to support the lower classes.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Galileo was responsible for one of the most extreme paradigm shifts in history, when his empirical observations of the sky led him to conclude that the earth revolved around the sun, rather than vice versa. Galileo did not simply use a new technology, the telescope, to see new things; he saw them differently from anyone else. Which concept describes this process of "seeing differently"?

Accepted Answer

A)   quantification
B)   beginner's mind
C)   popular culture
D)   global perspective
E)   the sociological imaginationF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 5

If you were to hear someone singing a song with these lines, It is we who plowed the prairies; built the cities where they trade;
Dug the mines and built the workshops, endless miles of railroad laid;
Now we stand outcast and starving midst the wonders we have made.
You might conclude, along with Karl Marx, that the people being described suffered from:

Accepted Answer

A)   verstehen.
B)   anomie.
C)   structural dysfunctions.
D)   alienation.
E)   a lack of solidarity.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Unlike sociologists, most people base their knowledge of the world on:

Accepted Answer

A)   expert knowledge based on surveys and interviews.
B)   journals and other publications that summarize the conclusions of professional researchers.
C)   conventional wisdom, background knowledge, and personal experience.
D)   the opinions of their parents and other family members.
E)   the opinions of political leaders and other influential public figures.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Emile Durkheim's pioneering work, Suicide, used statistical data to look for correlations between demographic variables and suicide. This made his work compatible with Auguste Comte's ideas about how society should be studied.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to Emile Durkheim, industrialized societies display organic solidarity. What is the basis for organic solidarity?

Accepted Answer

A)   religion and tradition
B)   shared experiences and similar beliefs
C)   bureaucracy and strong central government
D)   globalization and communications technology
E)   interdependence and individual rightsF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

According to Karl Marx, how could a belief in heaven as a reward for earthly suffering serve the interests of the ruling class?

Accepted Answer

A)   by keeping the lower class from demanding better treatment in this life
B)   by distracting the lower classes with gaudy spectacles
C)   by using the church as a means to extract economic resources from the poor
D)   by keeping the lower classes busy with religious activities so that they wouldn't have time to organize
E)   by making people meekF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Although there is a great deal of overlap between the two, queer theory and feminist theory are separate paradigms. Given only what you have learned in Chapter 1, explain what a queer theorist might say about the main goal of feminism, securing the same rights for men and women.

Accepted Answer

Although queer theorists would applaud t...

Question 11

Sociologists assert that there is a close relationship between the individual and society. How does Pam Fishman's research on gender and power in heterosexual couples characterize this relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fishman's data show how macro-level phenomena like gender and power manifest themselves in everyday interactions.
B)   It doesn't-Fishman's data only show how individuals act.
C)   It doesn't-this research only shows macro-level phenomena.
D)   Fishman's data show that micro-level phenomena have almost no relationship to macro-level phenomena, and seem to be largely independent.
E)   Fishman's research shows that there is no relationship between the individual and society.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

If you possess a sociological imagination and someone asks you to study unemployment rates in a city of fifty million people where fifteen million are unemployed, what would you conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)   We should consider the economic and political structures of the society.
B)   We should consider the work ethic of the average citizen.
C)   We should worry about the intelligence level of the workers who have lost their jobs.
D)   We should ask those who are unemployed how much they want to work.
E)   We should teach people how to take better advantage of their opportunities.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

According to queer theorists, how should we think about sexual identity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sexual identity is natural and related to a person's genetic makeup.
B)   Sexual identity is formed in the womb by exposure to hormones.
C)   Sexual identity is a choice made by individuals.
D)   Sexual identity is fluid and can change over an individual's lifetime.
E)   Sexual identity is established at an early age and often tied to a person's relationship with his mother.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following is a latent function of the educational system in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   teaching reading and writing
B)   keeping children out of trouble while parents are at work
C)   preparing a modern workforce to use technology
D)   instructing new immigrants in American values and history
E)   all of the aboveF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

According to C. Wright Mills, most people think about their problems as issues of social structure, rather than as matters of character, psychology, or chance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Functionalism argues that dysfunction tends to create social change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

On any given day, within ten minutes of waking up, you probably depend on more than 100 strangers to provide electricity, water, natural gas, weather forecasts, and more. According to Durkheim, this interdependence gives rise to:

Accepted Answer

A)   mechanical solidarity.
B)   class consciousness.
C)   conflict.
D)   organic solidarity.
E)   pragmatism.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 18

According to Robert Merton, what is the difference between manifest and latent functions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Manifest functions usually have something to do with social conflict and change.
B)   Manifest functions are intended and obvious.
C)   Manifest functions are accidental and often hard to recognize.
D)   Manifest functions are designed to alleviate inequality.
E)   Manifest functions are designed to critique the social system that produced them.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

According to Karl Marx, what is the relationship between the economy and other parts of society, including intellectual, religious, and political life?

Accepted Answer

Marx argued that, because the ruling cla...

Question 20

What was Marx criticizing when he said that religion is "the opiate of the masses"?

Accepted Answer

A)   the lower classes
B)   superstition and any belief in the supernatural
C)   drug use and alcoholism
D)   the use of religion by the ruling class
E)   the way religion blinds people in solidarityF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Exam 1: Sociology and the Real World

Karl Marx believed that the economy was closely related to other social processes, including politics, values, beliefs, and norms. As a result, what did he also believe?

Correct Answer
verified

Unlike sociologists, most people base their knowledge of the world on:

Correct Answer
verified

Although there is a great deal of overlap between the two, queer theory and feminist theory are separate paradigms. Given only what you have learned in Chapter 1, explain what a queer theorist might say about the main goal of feminism, securing the same rights for men and women.

Correct Answer
verified
Although queer theorists would applaud t...
View Answer

On any given day, within ten minutes of waking up, you probably depend on more than 100 strangers to provide electricity, water, natural gas, weather forecasts, and more. According to Durkheim, this interdependence gives rise to:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a latent function of the educational system in the United States?

Correct Answer
verified

According to C. Wright Mills, most people think about their problems as issues of social structure, rather than as matters of character, psychology, or chance.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What was Marx criticizing when he said that religion is "the opiate of the masses"?

Correct Answer
verified

If you possess a sociological imagination and someone asks you to study unemployment rates in a city of fifty million people where fifteen million are unemployed, what would you conclude?

Correct Answer
verified

Jane Addams was an early advocate of applied sociology. As a result, she did not just do research, she also:

Correct Answer
verified

According to queer theorists, how should we think about sexual identity?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Karl Marx, how could a belief in heaven as a reward for earthly suffering serve the interests of the ruling class?

Correct Answer
verified

Although everyday cultural practices-such as greeting a friend, giving flowers, or using the thumbs-up sign-seem like natural ways of acting, why does an awareness of how they vary across cultures demonstrate a healthy sociological imagination?

Correct Answer
verified

Functionalism argues that dysfunction tends to create social change.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Robert Merton, what is the difference between manifest and latent functions?

Correct Answer
verified

Sociologists assert that there is a close relationship between the individual and society. How does Pam Fishman's research on gender and power in heterosexual couples characterize this relationship?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Karl Marx, what is the relationship between the economy and other parts of society, including intellectual, religious, and political life?

Correct Answer
verified
Marx argued that, because the ruling cla...
View Answer

Emile Durkheim's pioneering work, Suicide, used statistical data to look for correlations between demographic variables and suicide. This made his work compatible with Auguste Comte's ideas about how society should be studied.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Emile Durkheim, industrialized societies display organic solidarity. What is the basis for organic solidarity?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: Sociology and the Real World

Karl Marx believed that the economy was closely related to other social processes, including politics, values, beliefs, and norms. As a result, what did he also believe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike sociologists, most people base their knowledge of the world on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although there is a great deal of overlap between the two, queer theory and feminist theory are separate paradigms. Given only what you have learned in Chapter 1, explain what a queer theorist might say about the main goal of feminism, securing the same rights for men and women.

Correct AnswerverifiedAlthough queer theorists would applaud t...View AnswerShow Answer

On any given day, within ten minutes of waking up, you probably depend on more than 100 strangers to provide electricity, water, natural gas, weather forecasts, and more. According to Durkheim, this interdependence gives rise to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a latent function of the educational system in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to C. Wright Mills, most people think about their problems as issues of social structure, rather than as matters of character, psychology, or chance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was Marx criticizing when he said that religion is "the opiate of the masses"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you possess a sociological imagination and someone asks you to study unemployment rates in a city of fifty million people where fifteen million are unemployed, what would you conclude?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jane Addams was an early advocate of applied sociology. As a result, she did not just do research, she also:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to queer theorists, how should we think about sexual identity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Karl Marx, how could a belief in heaven as a reward for earthly suffering serve the interests of the ruling class?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although everyday cultural practices-such as greeting a friend, giving flowers, or using the thumbs-up sign-seem like natural ways of acting, why does an awareness of how they vary across cultures demonstrate a healthy sociological imagination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functionalism argues that dysfunction tends to create social change.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Robert Merton, what is the difference between manifest and latent functions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sociologists assert that there is a close relationship between the individual and society. How does Pam Fishman's research on gender and power in heterosexual couples characterize this relationship?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Karl Marx, what is the relationship between the economy and other parts of society, including intellectual, religious, and political life?

Correct AnswerverifiedMarx argued that, because the ruling cla...View AnswerShow Answer

Emile Durkheim's pioneering work, Suicide, used statistical data to look for correlations between demographic variables and suicide. This made his work compatible with Auguste Comte's ideas about how society should be studied.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Emile Durkheim, industrialized societies display organic solidarity. What is the basis for organic solidarity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Although queer theorists would applaud t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Marx argued that, because the ruling cla...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified