Question 1

The more time one spends exercising,the less one generally weighs.The correlation between time on a treadmill each month and overall body weight would represent a(n) ______ correlation.

Accepted Answer

A)   positive
B)   zero
C)   negative
D)   causalE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Independent evaluators are people who assess patients in a study

Accepted Answer

A)   but are not involved with the initial diagnosis and treatment process.
B)   and are part of the treatment process.
C)   and conducted the diagnoses on their own.
D)   and recruit people to experiment.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The patient uniformity myth refers to the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)   see all study participants as homogenous.
B)   see all study participants as heterogenous.
C)   emphasize patient symptoms and uniformity.
D)   give all patients the same medications.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The withdrawal design should be avoided if

Accepted Answer

A)   treatment may have effects after it is ended.
B)   adverse effects may occur if treatment is suspended.
C)   treatment involves learning a technique, such as social skills.
D)   all of the aboveE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

A researcher manipulates an independent variable and observes the effects on a dependent variable in a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   correlational study.
B)   analog study.
C)   experiment.
D)   epidemiological study.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

A researcher collects data comparing people with and without a particular disorder.The researcher is particularly interested in inherited tendencies that are not part of the disorder but that occur with much greater frequency in afflicted people.The researcher is conducting a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic linkage analysis.
B)   association study.
C)   family study.
D)   DNA analysis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Matilda designed a study in which she had a treatment group and a control group.She then took 100 participants and flipped a coin with each one to determine which group they would be in.This assigning of participants is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   randomization
B)   generalization
C)   experimentation
D)   uniformityE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

The research design most helpful in determining how individuals with particular disorders change over time is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   longitudinal method
B)   cross-sectional design
C)   family study
D)   association studyE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Genetic linkage analysis can be used to determine

Accepted Answer

A)   whether a disorder is caused by genetic factors.
B)   the location of the gene that causes a disorder.
C)   whether a disorder runs in a family.
D)   if linking genes can cure a disorder.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

In research,the term "clinical significance" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   whether the effects observed in the study are due to chance.
B)   the external validity of the study.
C)   how large the effect of the treatment is.
D)   randomization of the sampling procedure.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

While trying to discover the nature of the relationship between stress and blood pressure,a researcher asks participants to complete a difficult task.The researcher monitors the participants' blood pressure,while some are exposed to noisy distractions and others stay in a quiet environment.This type of research study is a(n) ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   correlational study
B)   experiment
C)   analog study
D)   placebo control studyE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following demonstrates the placebo effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Wanda is getting a drug to control her anxiety; therefore, her younger brother wants to get a drug.
B)   Eugene's therapist gave him an inactive medication, which she claimed would cure his insomnia. Eugene sleeps better when he takes this pill.
C)   Harvey is suffering from depression, but treatment is not available. Eventually, his depression dissipates.
D)   Hilary's therapist doesn't know how to cure her schizophrenia, but tries a variety of techniques, none of which works.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

One of the most important reasons to conduct cross-cultural research in psychopathology is that

Accepted Answer

A)   we can gain a better appreciation for the virtues of various cultures by examining how psychopathology is viewed by different cultures.
B)   the stigma of psychopathology can be removed by understanding that psychopathology exists in all cultures.
C)   genetic influences of disorders can be best determined through careful comparison of the different environmental stressors found in various cultures.
D)   we can understand more about psychopathology by understanding how culture impacts the experience of various disorders.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

The possibility of human cloning,the production of genetically identical people,is extremely controversial.If it happens,it will allow a more thorough study of __________________ components of human behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   the genetic
B)   the environmental
C)   both the genetic and environmental
D)   neither the genetic nor environmental, because the variables are too complexE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

According to the APA's IRB guidelines,participants in experiments must be fully informed

Accepted Answer

A)   that they may or may not receive an active treatment.
B)   that they will not receive active treatment until the research study is over.
C)   if they are in the placebo group or the treatment group.
D)   only that they are participants in a research study and that they can quit at any time.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

A new research study is published and becomes the "hot story" in the news.This story concerns you because the researchers report that they are the first scientists to find a higher incidence of depression in individuals who are taking a particular vitamin--the same vitamin that your physician has had you taking for years.While this may be cause for you to investigate further,you probably shouldn't panic because

Accepted Answer

A)   your physician will call you if there is anything to worry about.
B)   research like this is rarely accurate.
C)   without replication, the finding could just be due to coincidence.
D)   unless it was a double-blind experiment, the results are probably in error.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

When studying family functioning,it has been observed that marital discord often increases as child behavior problems increase in the family.Using the correlational model,

Accepted Answer

A)   it is possible to determine that marital problems generally cause child behavior problems.
B)   it is not possible to determine whether marital discord causes child behavior problems, whether child behavior problems cause marital discord, or whether both may be true.
C)   it is possible to determine whether marital problems cause child behavior problems or whether child behavior problems cause marital problems, but it is not possible to determine whether both may be true.
D)   it is possible to determine whether any or all observed effects may be causing changes on any of the variables being studied.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The genes responsible for problems that are characteristics of people with specific disorders are known as

Accepted Answer

A)   phenotypes.
B)   genomes.
C)   endophenotypes.
D)   genotypes.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Mary looks nothing like her mother,but Mary's daughter grows up to look exactly like Mary's mother.In other words,grandmother and granddaughter look alike.The fact that Mary's daughter looks like her (Mary's) mother but she herself doesn't is a good example of the

Accepted Answer

A)   difference between genotype and phenotype.
B)   influence of environment on genes.
C)   fact that we really have no idea of how genes work.
D)   diathesis-stress model.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

The advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment is that the researcher can

Accepted Answer

A)   counterbalance the research design with additional measures to improve internal and external validity.
B)   control for the placebo effect.
C)   conduct a true double-blind experiment.
D)   determine whether improvements gained with treatment are lost when the treatment is withheld.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 4: Research Methods

According to the APA's IRB guidelines,participants in experiments must be fully informed

Correct Answer
verified

Matilda designed a study in which she had a treatment group and a control group.She then took 100 participants and flipped a coin with each one to determine which group they would be in.This assigning of participants is called _____________.

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher collects data comparing people with and without a particular disorder.The researcher is particularly interested in inherited tendencies that are not part of the disorder but that occur with much greater frequency in afflicted people.The researcher is conducting a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The more time one spends exercising,the less one generally weighs.The correlation between time on a treadmill each month and overall body weight would represent a(n) ______ correlation.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

One of the most important reasons to conduct cross-cultural research in psychopathology is that

Correct Answer
verified

Genetic linkage analysis can be used to determine

Correct Answer
verified

The possibility of human cloning,the production of genetically identical people,is extremely controversial.If it happens,it will allow a more thorough study of __________________ components of human behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

The withdrawal design should be avoided if

Correct Answer
verified

The advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment is that the researcher can

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher manipulates an independent variable and observes the effects on a dependent variable in a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

When studying family functioning,it has been observed that marital discord often increases as child behavior problems increase in the family.Using the correlational model,

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following demonstrates the placebo effect?

Correct Answer
verified

In research,the term "clinical significance" refers to

Correct Answer
verified

Mary looks nothing like her mother,but Mary's daughter grows up to look exactly like Mary's mother.In other words,grandmother and granddaughter look alike.The fact that Mary's daughter looks like her (Mary's) mother but she herself doesn't is a good example of the

Correct Answer
verified

The patient uniformity myth refers to the tendency to

Correct Answer
verified

The research design most helpful in determining how individuals with particular disorders change over time is the __________.

Correct Answer
verified

The genes responsible for problems that are characteristics of people with specific disorders are known as

Correct Answer
verified

Independent evaluators are people who assess patients in a study

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Research Methods

According to the APA's IRB guidelines,participants in experiments must be fully informed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Matilda designed a study in which she had a treatment group and a control group.She then took 100 participants and flipped a coin with each one to determine which group they would be in.This assigning of participants is called _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher collects data comparing people with and without a particular disorder.The researcher is particularly interested in inherited tendencies that are not part of the disorder but that occur with much greater frequency in afflicted people.The researcher is conducting a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The more time one spends exercising,the less one generally weighs.The correlation between time on a treadmill each month and overall body weight would represent a(n) ______ correlation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most important reasons to conduct cross-cultural research in psychopathology is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic linkage analysis can be used to determine

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The possibility of human cloning,the production of genetically identical people,is extremely controversial.If it happens,it will allow a more thorough study of __________________ components of human behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The withdrawal design should be avoided if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment is that the researcher can

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher manipulates an independent variable and observes the effects on a dependent variable in a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When studying family functioning,it has been observed that marital discord often increases as child behavior problems increase in the family.Using the correlational model,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following demonstrates the placebo effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In research,the term "clinical significance" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mary looks nothing like her mother,but Mary's daughter grows up to look exactly like Mary's mother.In other words,grandmother and granddaughter look alike.The fact that Mary's daughter looks like her (Mary's) mother but she herself doesn't is a good example of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The patient uniformity myth refers to the tendency to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research design most helpful in determining how individuals with particular disorders change over time is the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genes responsible for problems that are characteristics of people with specific disorders are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Independent evaluators are people who assess patients in a study

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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