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Exam 4: Budget Cycles

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Question 1

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What are the principal objectives of the audit and evaluation phase of public budgeting?

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(1) Basic compliance with the ...

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Question 2

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What is one of the most common complaints about the preparation and approval phases of the budget cycle?

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Fragmentation among different participants within the executive branch and among committees in the legislative branch.

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During the budget execution phase, some form of centralized expenditure control is common at what levels of government?

During the budget preparation phase, only the chief executive is committed to viewing the budget and its policy implications in their entirety.

What is the process called when the President of the United States refuses to release funds to agencies that have already been approved in the federal budget?

In most states, where is the state budget office housed?

What are some of the dominant political considerations involved in the preparation phase of public budgets?

While every public budget process must include both revenue and expenditure forecasts, how is this handled at the federal level?

All public budgets must be approved by a legislative body such as the U.S. Congress, a state legislature, a county board of supervisors, a city council, or a school board.

At the state and local levels, what is the most common first step in the budget preparation process?

What are the four phases the budget cycle?

Although biennial budgets may allow greater time for more thorough analysis of government activities and could eliminate an enormous amount of "busy work," according to budget reformers, why do the federal government and most states continue to rely on annual budgets?

Describe the fiscal interdependence of the various levels of government in the United States. How do the budget cycles and budget processes of each effect the others? How does this complicate the budget deliberations at the various levels?

In the United States today, approximately how many states operate with biennial budgets?

Although the majority of states have fiscal years beginning July 1st, which states do not and when do their fiscal years begin?

A majority of cities in the United States follow the principle of executive budget preparation.

What is the fundamental purpose of public budgeting?

What is the primary purpose of the apportionment process?

While overlapping periods in the budget process may exist at all levels of government, there is only one annual budget cycle.