Question 1

Which of the following LEAST belongs with the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ras protein
B)  UvrA protein
C)  UvrD protein
D)  UvrC protein
E)  DNA PolymeraseF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

In the Ames test,mutagenicity is normally tested on a strain of bacterium (Salmonella typhimurium) that cannot synthesize the amino acid histidine.Therefore,these bacteria require histidine in the growth plate to survive.A researcher performs the Ames test to evaluate the mutagenicity of a newly synthesized compound and notices that in the presence of the new compound,several colonies of Salmonella typhimurium is living on the histidine-free growth plate.What can be assumed from these results?

Accepted Answer

A)  The newly synthesized compound induced a mutation in the bacteriA.
B)  The bacteria no longer produce histidine.
C)  The bacteria now produce histidine.
D)  The newly synthesized compound induced a mutation in the bacteria and the bacteria no longer produce histidine.
E)  The newly synthesized compound induced a mutation in the bacteria and the bacteria now produce histidinE.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

A mutation causes a gene to become overactive,contributing to uncontrolled cell growth.Which term best describes this gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor-suppressor gene
B)  oncogene
C)  spliced gene
D)  alternatively spliced gene
E)  malignant geneF) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 4

Ionizing radiation can produce which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosine
B)  free radicals
C)  stop codons
D)  thymine dimers
E)  hypoxanthineF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Study the mutations described below and determine which one is most likely to lead to cancer.

Accepted Answer

A)  A mutation in the Ras protein increases its affinity for GDP.
B)  A mutation in the Ras protein that prevents GTP hydrolysis.
C)  A mutation in a receptor protein that decreases its affinity for a growth factor.
D)  A mutation in a transcription factor that prevents it from binding to the DNA to transcribe genes that promote cell division.
E)  All of these mutations might lead to cancer.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 6

The Lederbergs conducted an experiment that showed that mutations were random events.The alternative view,proposed by Lamarck,predicted that organisms changed in response to their environment and would pass on that change to their offspring.If Lamarck's hypothesis was correct,what results would you expect the Lederbergs to have seen?

Accepted Answer

A)  There would have been no bacterial colonies on the master plate or on the plates with the T1 phage.
B)  There would have been no bacterial colonies on the master plate,but there would have been copious amouts on the plates with the T1 phage.
C)  There would be bacterial colonies on the master plate and there would be a few colonies growing on plates with the T1 phage,but the two plates with T1 phage would have colonies growing in different locations.
D)  There would have been bacterial colonies on the master plate and all of those colonies would be present on the plates with the T1 phage.
E)  You would need to design a completely different experiment to test Lamarck's hypothesis.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The movement of DNA polymerase continues unimpeded if a thymine dimer is present in the DNA double helix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Cancers originate from a single cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

All of the following are chemical mutagens EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen mustard.
B)  X-rays.
C)  ethyl methanesulfonate.
D)  benzo(a) pyrene.
E)  nitrous acid.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following proteins is responsible for advancing a cell through the four phases of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  caspases
B)  cyclins
C)  claudins
D)  endonucleases
E)  cofactorsF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following diseases is associated with faulty DNA repair mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alzheimer's disease
B)  diabetes
C)  xeroderma pigmentosum
D)  diabetes and xeroderma pigmentosum
E)  Alzheimer's disease and diabetesF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

A repair enzyme recognizes an incorrect structure in the DNA and directly converts it back to the correct structure.Which of the following DNA repair systems is responsible for the correction?

Accepted Answer

A)  base excision repair
B)  direct repair
C)  indirect repair
D)  nucleotide excision repair
E)  mismatch repairF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

What would result from a single nucleotide deletion (point mutation) within the coding sequence of a structural gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  a silent point mutation with no deleterious effects
B)  a missense point mutation resulting in the change of one amino acid
C)  a nonsense point mutation resulting in the generation of a premature stop codon
D)  a frameshift mutation,producing a completely different amino acid sequence
E)  All of the choices are possiblE.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

Somatic cell mutations are heritable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Study the loci that have been identified on the two non-homologous chromosomes below and determine what mutation is the most likely to lead to cancer.

Accepted Answer

A)  A reciprocal translocation switches the entire long arm of one chromosome with the entire long arm of the other chromosome.
B)  An inversion switches the position of the blue and purple genes.
C)  An inversion switches the position of the red and orange regions.
D)  A deletion occurs in the green gene,so that it no longer binds to org,but instead binds to the purple gene.
E)  A deletion occurs in the green gene,so that it no longer binds to org,but instead binds to the blue genE.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 16

The timing of a mutation during development has negligible effects on the severity of the genetic defect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A gene created from the fusion of two gene fragments is considered a

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor-suppressor gene.
B)  proto-oncogene.
C)  structural gene.
D)  regulatory gene.
E)  chimeric genE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

At what phase of the cell cycle does p53 halt cell division if it senses DNA damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  S
B)  G2
C)  M
D)  G0
E)  G1F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

_______ can convert proto-oncogenes into oncogenes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gene amplifications
B)  Chromosomal translocations
C)  Missense mutations
D)  All of these choices are correctE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Cells are normally limited to one DNA repair system that corrects DNA mistakes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

Correct Answer
verified

At what phase of the cell cycle does p53 halt cell division if it senses DNA damage?

Correct Answer
verified

Study the mutations described below and determine which one is most likely to lead to cancer.

Correct Answer
verified

Somatic cell mutations are heritable.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following LEAST belongs with the others?

Correct Answer
verified

_______ can convert proto-oncogenes into oncogenes.

Correct Answer
verified

A repair enzyme recognizes an incorrect structure in the DNA and directly converts it back to the correct structure.Which of the following DNA repair systems is responsible for the correction?

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are chemical mutagens EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following proteins is responsible for advancing a cell through the four phases of the cell cycle?

Correct Answer
verified

Cells are normally limited to one DNA repair system that corrects DNA mistakes.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Cancers originate from a single cell.

Correct Answer
verified

A mutation causes a gene to become overactive,contributing to uncontrolled cell growth.Which term best describes this gene?

Correct Answer
verified

The timing of a mutation during development has negligible effects on the severity of the genetic defect.

Correct Answer
verified

Study the loci that have been identified on the two non-homologous chromosomes below and determine what mutation is the most likely to lead to cancer.

Correct Answer
verified

The movement of DNA polymerase continues unimpeded if a thymine dimer is present in the DNA double helix.

Correct Answer
verified

Ionizing radiation can produce which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following diseases is associated with faulty DNA repair mechanisms?

Correct Answer
verified

A gene created from the fusion of two gene fragments is considered a

Correct Answer
verified

What would result from a single nucleotide deletion (point mutation) within the coding sequence of a structural gene?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At what phase of the cell cycle does p53 halt cell division if it senses DNA damage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Study the mutations described below and determine which one is most likely to lead to cancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Somatic cell mutations are heritable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following LEAST belongs with the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ can convert proto-oncogenes into oncogenes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A repair enzyme recognizes an incorrect structure in the DNA and directly converts it back to the correct structure.Which of the following DNA repair systems is responsible for the correction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are chemical mutagens EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following proteins is responsible for advancing a cell through the four phases of the cell cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells are normally limited to one DNA repair system that corrects DNA mistakes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cancers originate from a single cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation causes a gene to become overactive,contributing to uncontrolled cell growth.Which term best describes this gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The timing of a mutation during development has negligible effects on the severity of the genetic defect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Study the loci that have been identified on the two non-homologous chromosomes below and determine what mutation is the most likely to lead to cancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of DNA polymerase continues unimpeded if a thymine dimer is present in the DNA double helix.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ionizing radiation can produce which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following diseases is associated with faulty DNA repair mechanisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A gene created from the fusion of two gene fragments is considered a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would result from a single nucleotide deletion (point mutation) within the coding sequence of a structural gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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