Question 1

When nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a covalent bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of a second
B)   a hydrogen bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of a second
C)   covalent bonds form between the bases of two nucleotides
D)   hydrogen bonds form between the bases of two nucleotidesE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following best describes glycogen?

Accepted Answer

A)   a fibrous protein that helps in maintaining cellular structure
B)   a storage polysaccharide found in plants
C)   has alpha 1-6 glyosidic bonds.
D)   is formed by the hydrolysis of glucose molecules.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animal and fungal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   chitin
B)   cellulose
C)   amylopectin
D)   amyloseE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following best compares dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dehydration reactions assemble polymers; hydrolysis reactions break polymers apart.
B)   Dehydration reactions eliminate water from membranes; hydrolysis reactions add water to membranes.
C)   Dehydration reactions and hydrolysis reactions assemble polymers from monomers.
D)   Hydrolysis reactions assemble polymers; dehydration reactions break polymers apart.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following features of cooking oil and gasoline (hydrocarbons)  identifies why the molecules are NOT amphipathic?

Accepted Answer

A)   They do not have a polar or charged region.
B)   They do not have a nonpolar region.
C)   They have hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
D)   They are highly reduced molecules.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

What is the role of hydrogen in the synthesis of "hardened fats" from vegetable oil?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen reduces the number of carbon-carbon double bond.
B)   Hydrogen causes hydrolysis to occur.
C)   Hydrogen causes cross-linking between chains.
D)   Hydrogen increases the carbon chain length.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following ratios of nucleotides is constant for DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   A + G = T + C
B)   A + T = G + C
C)   A + C = U + G
D)   A + U = G + CE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Use the following figure to answer the question.  What is the molecule represented by the figure above?

Accepted Answer

A)   a hexose
B)   a pentose
C)   fructose
D)   maltoseE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following terms does not describe a molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)   an isomer of fructose
B)   an aldose
C)   a hexose
D)   a disaccharideE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following statements correctly describes "saturated fats"?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are more common in plants than in animals.
B)   They have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids.
C)   They are generally liquid at room temperature.
D)   They contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats that consist of the same number of carbon atoms.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

People who are lactose intolerant cannot extract energy from milk because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   an enzyme is not functioning correctly
B)   lactose is too big to be digested by the enzymes
C)   milk is fermented to a by-product, which cannot be digested
D)   they are missing the bacteria that can digest lactoseE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

In a bottle of salad dressing, the vinegar separates from the oil because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   water molecules form H-bonds with each other and exclude fat
B)   vinegar and oil are lighter than water
C)   water is lighter than vinegar and oil
D)   oil is colorless, but vinegar is notE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is most consistent with the information in the passage?

Accepted Answer

A)   a tertiary protein with two polypeptides
B)   a quaternary protein with two polypeptides
C)   a tertiary protein with four polypeptides
D)   a quaternary protein with four polypeptidesE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following statements about lipids is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lipids are not organic in nature.
B)   Lipids don't constitute of waxes and pigments.
C)   Lipids mix poorly with water.
D)   Lipids are true polymers.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures.

Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   6
C)   12
D)   13E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Use the following table to answer the question.
Absorbance at Various pH Levels

The table represents the results of an experiment where the effects of pH buffers on an enzyme found in saliva (amylase)  were studied. A spectrophotometer set at 500 nm was used to measure absorbance at the various pH levels every 20 seconds for 2 minutes. The higher absorbance values would indicate greater enzyme activity. All experiments were conducted at the same temperature.
Which statement correctly identifies the result that the optimum pH for amylase function is 7?

Accepted Answer

A)   The pH with the lowest absorbance values would indicate the optimum pH for amylase since this pH does not affect the structure or function of the protein.
B)   The pH with the highest absorbance values would indicate the optimum pH for amylase since this pH does not affect the structure or function of the protein.
C)   At pH 9, the enzyme is denatured and will lose its function, but not its structure.
D)   At pH 4, the structure of the enzyme will be altered, and the enzyme would not be able to catalyze the reaction.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Hemoglobin, when subjected to 40% acetonitrile at pH 10.0, loses its quaternary structure, which means the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   four α and β polypeptides dissociate
B)   peptide bonds between amino acids break
C)   α and β polypeptides lose their 3-D structure
D)   four α and β polypeptides dissociate, peptide bonds between amino acids, and α and β polypeptides lose their 3-D structureE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures.

Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   5
C)   8
D)   9E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Olestra is a calorie-free fat that is synthesized by reacting sucrose with fatty acids. What is the maximum number of fatty acid molecules that can crosslink with the sucrose molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   6
C)   8
D)   10E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

During a 12-hour fast in a human, the first macromolecule to get depleted is typically ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose
B)   protein
C)   glycogen
D)   starchE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 5: Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Hemoglobin, when subjected to 40% acetonitrile at pH 10.0, loses its quaternary structure, which means the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

People who are lactose intolerant cannot extract energy from milk because ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the question. What is the molecule represented by the figure above?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the role of hydrogen in the synthesis of "hardened fats" from vegetable oil?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following ratios of nucleotides is constant for DNA?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes glycogen?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best compares dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animal and fungal cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about lipids is true?

Correct Answer
verified

In a bottle of salad dressing, the vinegar separates from the oil because ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

Correct Answer
verified

When nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid, ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is most consistent with the information in the passage?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements correctly describes "saturated fats"?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following terms does not describe a molecule of glucose?

Correct Answer
verified

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

Correct Answer
verified

Olestra is a calorie-free fat that is synthesized by reacting sucrose with fatty acids. What is the maximum number of fatty acid molecules that can crosslink with the sucrose molecule?

Correct Answer
verified

During a 12-hour fast in a human, the first macromolecule to get depleted is typically ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following features of cooking oil and gasoline (hydrocarbons) identifies why the molecules are NOT amphipathic?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Hemoglobin, when subjected to 40% acetonitrile at pH 10.0, loses its quaternary structure, which means the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who are lactose intolerant cannot extract energy from milk because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the question. What is the molecule represented by the figure above?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of hydrogen in the synthesis of "hardened fats" from vegetable oil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ratios of nucleotides is constant for DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes glycogen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best compares dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animal and fungal cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about lipids is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a bottle of salad dressing, the vinegar separates from the oil because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is most consistent with the information in the passage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements correctly describes "saturated fats"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms does not describe a molecule of glucose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Olestra is a calorie-free fat that is synthesized by reacting sucrose with fatty acids. What is the maximum number of fatty acid molecules that can crosslink with the sucrose molecule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During a 12-hour fast in a human, the first macromolecule to get depleted is typically ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following features of cooking oil and gasoline (hydrocarbons) identifies why the molecules are NOT amphipathic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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