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As the iris contracts and relaxes, an opening at its center, the ____, grows larger or smaller.


A) pupil
B) cornea
C) lens
D) retina
E) limbus

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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The eye sockets, or ________, form a protective shell around the eyes.

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The ducts that are located on the medial aspect of each eyeball and drain tears into the nose are the _______ ducts.

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The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the malleus, incus, and ________.

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The ____ are mucous membranes that line the inner surfaces of the eyelids.


A) lacrimal glands
B) nasolacrimal ducts
C) orbicularis oculi
D) conjunctivas
E) sclera

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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The _______ glands are located on the lateral edge of each eyeball and produce tears.

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The ________ in the eye converts light into nerve impulses, which are then transmitted along the optic nerve to the brain.

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When spicy foods are eaten, which receptors on the tongue are activated?


A) Bitter
B) Sour
C) Pain
D) Hot
E) Umami

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Paul Veras is a 24-year-old patient whose physician referred him to the ear specialist for whom you work because he has noticed a gradual loss of hearing in his left ear. The physician runs tests and finds the hearing in Paul's right ear is normal. Further tests reveal that Paul has an acoustic neuroma in the left ear. Paul is distressed at this news. "I am a musician," he says. "I need both of my ears! Would a hearing aid help?" Which of the following responses would you expect the physician to give?


A) "Of course! We can have you fitted for a hearing aid immediately."
B) "A hearing aid can help for a while, but you will eventually be completely deaf in that ear."
C) "We can try a hearing aid first to see if it will help, if you want to."
D) "Okay, but to avoid hearing loss in your right ear, you will need to wear aids in both ears."
E) "No, a hearing aid will not help. We can try radiation, or we can remove the tumor surgically."

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Six ____ function together to move the eyeball.


A) extrinsic eye muscles
B) lacrimal glands
C) nasolacrimal ducts
D) orbicularis oculi
E) suspensory ligaments

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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The process called ________ enables the eye to focus on images of objects that are near or far away.

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Rapid, irregular eye movements that may be horizontal, vertical, or rotary, depending on the underlying cause, are symptoms of ________.

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Infants should be startled by loud noises and recognize their mother's voice better than others at


A) up to 4 months of age.
B) 4 to 8 months of age.
C) 8 to 12 months of age.
D) 12 to 18 months of age.
E) 18 to 24 months of age.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The inner ear is a very complex system of communicating chambers and tubes known as the ________.

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Hearing loss is ____.


A) loss of the ability to hear sounds at normal levels
B) a normal part of the aging process
C) not caused by cerumen impaction of the ear canal
D) never the result of nerve damage
E) usually due to immobilization of the stapes

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Parts of the optic nerve fuse together and cross at an x-shaped structure called the ________, located at the base of the brain.

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Gustatory information gathered by taste buds is sent to and interpreted by the ____.


A) cerebral cortex
B) parietal lobe of the cerebrum
C) medulla oblongata
D) cerebellum
E) pons.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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A chemical can stimulate smell receptors for only a limited amount of time because of a process called sensory ________.

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When the head moves, fluids known as ________ and endolymph in the semicircular canals and vestibule move, activating equilibrium receptors and hearing receptors.

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The area shown at letter A in the figure is the ________, or blind spot, which contains no sensory receptors.

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