Question 1

If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anticodon is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   GCA
B)   CGT
C)   ACG
D)   CGU
E)   UGCF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   It has a bottom hairpin loop with an anticodon.
B)   It has an anticodon that is complementary to a codon.
C)   It contains a binding site for an amino acid.
D)   The initiator tRNA that binds to the P site has the anticodon UAC.
E)   The initiator tRNA in bacteria carries tryptophan.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is not true of an organism's genotype?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is inherited.
B)   It contains structural genes that code for proteins.
C)   It has expressed traits governed by the genes.
D)   It has regulatory genes that control gene expression.
E)   It contains genes that code for RNA.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The ﬁelds of genomics and proteomics differ in that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the ﬁeld of genomics involves the study of DNA replication and the ﬁeld of proteomics refers to the study of transcription and translation
B)   genomics is the study of an organism's chromosomes and proteomics is the study of transcription and translation of proteins
C)   genomics refers to the study of an organism's entire genome, whereas proteomics is the study of expressed proteins
D)   genomics is the study of an organism's chromosomes and the resulting proteins are studied in the ﬁeld of proteomicsE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

If the wild type DNA sequence reads THE CAT ATE THE BIG RAT, what type of mutation would change the sequence to THE CAT ATE THE BAG RAT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Point
B)   Nonsense
C)   Insertion
D)   Deletion
E)   SilentF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 6

A bacterial cell has replicated its plasmid, and when this cell divides into 2 daughter cells, each cell receives one copy of the plasmid. This is an example of horizontal gene transfer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In order for protein synthesis to begin, which of the following statements reﬂects the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

A)   The 3' end of the mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit and the AUG anticodon on the tRNA base pairs with the UAC codon on the mRNA, allowing the large ribosomalSubunit to attach.
B)   The AUG codon on mRNA base pairs with the UAC anticodon on tRNA allowing the small and large ribosomal subunits to join the complex.
C)   Translation begins when the ribosome translocates from the A site to the P site on the mRNA
D)   The 5' end of the mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit, and the large subunit joins, creating the P and A sites where reactions between codons on the mRNA and anticodonsE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

The transfer of DNA fragments from a dead cell to a live, competent recipient cell that results in a changed recipient cell is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   transduction
B)   conjugation
C)   transformation
D)   transmission
E)   mitosisF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

The process in which mutations are removed and the correct bases added is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   transduction
B)   excision repair
C)   frameshift
D)   back-mutation
E)   transformationF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

DNA polymerase III ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   is needed for adding nucleotides during mRNA synthesis
B)   synthesizes new DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction
C)   cannot add nucleotides to the lagging strand
D)   synthesizes an RNA primerE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following additions have been made to principles of the central dogma of biology?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA information cannot be converted into RNA information.
B)   Protein information can be converted into DNA information.
C)   RNA can be used to regulate gene function.
D)   DNA codes for proteins.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Recombinant organisms are those that have received new DNA in the form of a conjugated plasmid; genetically engineered cells are not considered recombinant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A nucleosome is a linear chromosome wound around the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   nuclear membrane
B)   rRNA
C)   mRNA
D)   histone
E)   nucleolusF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

The operon segment composed of the gene that codes for a protein repressor is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   operator
B)   structural locus
C)   regulator
D)   promoterE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The _____ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   proteome
B)   plasmid
C)   genome
D)   chromosome
E)   prophageF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

Introns have no detectable functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Each nucleotide is composed of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar
B)   one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and two sugars
C)   two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar
D)   two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, and two sugars
E)   one phosphate, two nitrogenous bases, and one sugarF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   histone proteins
B)   chromosomes in a nucleus
C)   several to many chromosomes
D)   elongated, not circular, chromosomes
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

The site where the old DNA strands separate and new DNA strands will be synthesized is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   primer
B)   Okazaki fragment
C)   template
D)   rolling circle
E)   replication forkF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

DNA polymerase can catalyze a dehydration synthesis reaction only at the 3' carbon of the daughter strand of DNA. This means that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the antiparallel nature of the parent molecules determine that the leading strand must be grown in fragments away from the fork and the lagging strand is synthesized continuouslyToward the fork
B)   Okazaki fragments extend toward the replication fork as the parent strands are unzipped by helicase
C)   since the strands are antiparallel, one strand will grow toward the fork as it opens, and the other strand will grow in fragments away from the fork
D)   the leading and lagging strands extend in the 3' - 5' direction toward the replication fork as the nucleotide bases are exposedE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 9: Microbial Genetics

DNA polymerase III ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the wild type DNA sequence reads THE CAT ATE THE BIG RAT, what type of mutation would change the sequence to THE CAT ATE THE BAG RAT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from bacterial chromosomes because only eukaryotes have _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of an organism's genotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nucleosome is a linear chromosome wound around the _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The operon segment composed of the gene that codes for a protein repressor is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA polymerase can catalyze a dehydration synthesis reaction only at the 3' carbon of the daughter strand of DNA. This means that _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process in which mutations are removed and the correct bases added is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anticodon is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ﬁelds of genomics and proteomics differ in that _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each nucleotide is composed of _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for protein synthesis to begin, which of the following statements reﬂects the correct sequence of events?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bacterial cell has replicated its plasmid, and when this cell divides into 2 daughter cells, each cell receives one copy of the plasmid. This is an example of horizontal gene transfer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following additions have been made to principles of the central dogma of biology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The transfer of DNA fragments from a dead cell to a live, competent recipient cell that results in a changed recipient cell is termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recombinant organisms are those that have received new DNA in the form of a conjugated plasmid; genetically engineered cells are not considered recombinant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introns have no detectable functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The site where the old DNA strands separate and new DNA strands will be synthesized is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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