Question 1

What is one of the authors' interpretations of the Chinese proverb, "A good fortune may forebode a bad luck, which may in turn disguise a good fortune"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Life is filled with twists and turns that we encounter as we age.
B)   *Life involves a delicate balance between suffering and feeling good.
C)   Life involves luck; happenstance drives most of our happiness.
D)   Life presents a series of choices, some good and some bad.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

How was the industrial revolution connected to the concept of hope?

Accepted Answer

A)   It increased the material benefits for individual citizens and made hope for the future seem more attainable.
B)   It brought about the end of food shortages and made it more likely that children would survive to adulthood.
C)   It allows the formation of centralized governments that allowed social safety nets to be established.
D)   It created a rise in achievements in science and philosophy due to the use of the scientific method.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

In comparing Eastern and Western cultures, Western culture has placed more emphasis on_____________, while Eastern cultures have placed more emphasis on______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   self efficacy; living well
B)   living well; self-efficacy
C)   self-efficacy; hope and optimism
D)   living well; hope and optimismE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

What is the most important goal in the Taoist philosophy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Being reincarnated into a higher being
B)   Enjoying the journey over the destination
C)   Finding joy in everyday living
D)   *Realizing naturalness and spontaneity in lifeE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

What are the core emphases of Collectivism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Selflessness, Sense of dependence, and conformity
B)   Group as unit of analysis, Selflessness and Altruistic nature
C)   Sense of dependence, conformity, and Altruistic Nature
D)   *Sense of dependence, conformity and Self as Unit of AnalysisE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The Eastern view of the world is a_______________ while the Western view of the world is a ____________

Accepted Answer

A)   line; circle.
B)   circle; line.
C)   circle; globe.
D)   globe; line.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Western stories and fairytales are most likely to exemplify

Accepted Answer

A)   the benefits of cooperating with others.
B)   Personal achievement at the cost of others.
C)   that strength lies in numbers.
D)   the greater importance of honor over personal fortune.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

What defines the collectivist?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their individual achievements
B)   *The characteristics of their groups
C)   The political power they have achieved
D)   Their material wealthE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

According to Buddhists' Brahma Viharas, what are the virtues that are above all others in importance?

Accepted Answer

A)   *Love, compassion, joy, and equanimity
B)   Love, compassion, competition, and equanimity
C)   Love compassion, truth, and equanimity
D)   Love, compassion, truth, and joyE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following most accurately describes the personal goals of the individualist?

Accepted Answer

A)   They never match the goals of the groups that they belong to.
B)   They always match the goals of the groups that they belong to.
C)   *They may or may not match the goals of the groups they belong to.
D)   They only match the goals of the groups they belong to when money is involved.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Though scholars have begun to consider the extent to which all cultures and values inform positive psychology research and practice, which perspective has been largely ignored to date?

Accepted Answer

A)   *Eastern
B)   Western
C)   Indo-European
D)   EurasianE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

From the Eastern perspective on positive psychology, what is happiness?

Accepted Answer

A)   *Happiness is the satisfactions of plain living, shared within a harmonious social network.
B)   Happiness is the attainment of individual goals and receipt of recognition.
C)   Happiness is the result of good fortune and can't be sought.
D)   Happiness is the product of clean living, good health, and sound religious practices.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

According to Confucianism, what are the five virtues associated with a moral existence?

Accepted Answer

A)   *Humanity, duty, etiquette, wisdom, truthfulness
B)   Humanity, duty, etiquette, wisdom, courage
C)   Humanity, love, etiquette, wisdom, courage
D)   Humanity, duty, etiquette, wisdom, loveE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

In individualist cultures,

Accepted Answer

A)   individualists do not follow group norms.
B)   individuals follow what is enjoyable to them.
C)   the well-being of the individual comes from the well-being of the group.
D)   people develop a sense of dependence on others like them.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

For what is the Enlightenment best known

Accepted Answer

A)   The production of religious scholars
B)   The production of political leaders that convinced mindless masses to follow their every whim
C)   Acts of utter dependence on the bible for wisdom and reason
D)   *Scientific and philosophical thinkersE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

What term was coined by Snyder to describe the ironic process in which every season advertisers use uniqueness to persuade customers to buy products which then become common, only to repeat the cycle the next shopping season?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rollercoaster of ignorance
B)   *Catch-22 carousel
C)   Shopping circus
D)   Cycle of foolishnessE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

What pathway to the good life is commonly associated with Eastern religious traditions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Goal-directed pursuits happiness
B)   Spiritual pursuits of subjective well-being
C)   *Spiritual pursuits of transcendence and enlightenment
D)   Goal-directed pursuits through good deedsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Who developed the Need for Uniqueness scale?

Accepted Answer

A)   Snyder & Lopez
B)   Snyder & Seligman
C)   Snyder & Cheavens
D)   *Snyder & FromkinE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

In traditional Eastern culture, what orientation to time is most typical?

Accepted Answer

A)   Valuing a future orientation over the present and the past
B)   Valuing a future orientation over the past
C)   *Valuing a past orientation over the future
D)   Valuing a simultaneous appreciation on past, present, and futureE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

In Western culture, two constructs related to individualism are

Accepted Answer

A)   Hope and loyalty
B)   Industry and need for uniqueness
C)   Hope and need for uniqueness
D)   Industry and independenceE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Exam 2: Eastern and Western Perspectives on Positive Psychology: How Me We Us Might Bridge the Gap

Though scholars have begun to consider the extent to which all cultures and values inform positive psychology research and practice, which perspective has been largely ignored to date?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What term was coined by Snyder to describe the ironic process in which every season advertisers use uniqueness to persuade customers to buy products which then become common, only to repeat the cycle the next shopping season?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one of the authors' interpretations of the Chinese proverb, "A good fortune may forebode a bad luck, which may in turn disguise a good fortune"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What pathway to the good life is commonly associated with Eastern religious traditions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most important goal in the Taoist philosophy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Western stories and fairytales are most likely to exemplify

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Western culture, two constructs related to individualism are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Buddhists' Brahma Viharas, what are the virtues that are above all others in importance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the core emphases of Collectivism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In comparing Eastern and Western cultures, Western culture has placed more emphasis on_____________, while Eastern cultures have placed more emphasis on______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How was the industrial revolution connected to the concept of hope?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For what is the Enlightenment best known

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following most accurately describes the personal goals of the individualist?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In individualist cultures,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Confucianism, what are the five virtues associated with a moral existence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who developed the Need for Uniqueness scale?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In traditional Eastern culture, what orientation to time is most typical?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Eastern view of the world is a_______________ while the Western view of the world is a ____________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What defines the collectivist?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the Eastern perspective on positive psychology, what is happiness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In comparing Eastern and Western cultures, Western culture has placed more emphasis on_, while Eastern cultures have placed more emphasis on__.

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The Eastern view of the world is a___ while the Western view of the world is a

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