Question 1

A decrease in the number of voltage-gated Ca2+ ion channels in the presynaptic terminal would

Accepted Answer

A)   enhance transmission across the synapse.
B)   reduce or inhibit transmission across the synapse.
C)   have no effect on transmission across the synapse.
D)   alter receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.
E)   increase exocytosis.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Which of the following descriptions of glial cells is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Microglia - provide support for the neuron cell body
B)   Astrocytes - blood-brain barrier
C)   Oligodendrocytes - form myelin sheaths
D)   Ependymal cells - produce cerebrospinal fluid
E)   Ependymal cells - choroid plexusF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of reactive astrocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Injury site is blocked off
B)   Scars limit regeneration
C)   Causes the spread of inflammation
D)   Reduces injury to surrounding tissueE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following situations occurs in electrically excitable cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   When Na+ channels open, K+ channels close.
B)   The sodium-potassium pump moves Na+ into the cell.
C)   Depolarization causes voltage-gated Na+ channels to open.
D)   Ligand-gated Na+ channels are opened by high extracellular Ca2+ levels.
E)   Proteins tend to diffuse out of the cell.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Sensory neurons carrying action potentials from pain receptors synapse within the spinal cord with interneurons. These interneurons synapse with motor neurons leading back to an effector and ascending neurons that carry action potentials toward the brain. This is an example of a/an ________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)   convergent
B)   divergent
C)   reverberating
D)   sensory
E)   bifurcatedF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 6

Compounds classified as ________ alter synaptic transmission by changing neurotransmitter receptor numbers or affecting the breakdown and/or removal of neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

A)   neuromodulators
B)   inhibitory neurotransmitters
C)   excitatory neurotransmitters
D)   neurohormonesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

In an EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potential) , there is a

Accepted Answer

A)   net movement of Na+ out of the cells.
B)   net movement of Cl− into the cells.
C)   decrease in action potential amplitude.
D)   local hyperpolarization.
E)   local depolarization.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Action potential

Accepted Answer

A)  Small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area
B)  Charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state
C)  Larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell
D)  Membrane becomes more positive when Na+ diffuse into cell
E)  Return to the resting membrane potentialF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

The junction of a neuron with another cell is a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   synapse
B)   ganglion
C)   receptor
D)   effectorE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   an all-or-none response
B)   a graded response
C)   a latent period response
D)   a relative refractory response
E)   a local responseF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters and are present in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   dendrites
B)   cell body
C)   axolemma
D)   presynaptic terminals
E)   trigger zoneF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

If the extracellular fluid around a neuron is replaced with an isotonic saline solution that contains K+ and other solutes at concentrations very close to the extracellular fluid concentrations of a normal cell, the result is

Accepted Answer

A)   no resting membrane potential.
B)   hyperpolarized membrane.
C)   depolarized membrane.
D)   a resting membrane potential close to its normal value.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 13

Which of these happens first in a cholinergic synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft.
B)   A postsynaptic potential is produced.
C)   Sodium ions enter the postsynaptic cell.
D)   The synaptic vesicles release acetylcholine.
E)   Acetylcholine binds to ligand-gated ion channels.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Resting membrane potential

Accepted Answer

A)  Small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area
B)  Charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state
C)  Larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell
D)  Membrane becomes more positive when Na+ diffuse into cell
E)  Return to the resting membrane potentialF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The function of acetylcholinesterase is to

Accepted Answer

A)   open voltage-gated Na+ channels.
B)   break down acetylcholine in the synapse.
C)   produce an IPSP on the postsynaptic membrane.
D)   metabolize norepinephrine.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which inhibitory neurotransmitter is blocked in strychnine poisoning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glycine
B)   Acetylcholine
C)   Glutamate
D)   AdenosineE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

An action potential

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs when the local potential reaches threshold level.
B)   propagates across the plasma membrane in a decremental fashion.
C)   has no repolarization phase.
D)   is an example of negative feedback.
E)   cannot transmit information.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 18

Nerve fibers are also called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nerve fibers are also called ________....

Question 19

Chemical synapses are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   the release of neurotransmitter by the presynaptic terminal.
B)   connexons that connect the pre- and postsynaptic cells.
C)   the presence of receptors for neurotransmitters on the presynaptic terminal.
D)   the absence of gap junctions.
E)   receptors located only on the presynaptic terminal.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-Requires ATP

Accepted Answer

A)  Concentration of K+
B)  Concentration of Na+ and Cl−
C)  Negatively charged proteins
D)  Sodium-potassium pump
E)  Plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channelsF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

The junction of a neuron with another cell is a/an ________.

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Which of the following descriptions of glial cells is mismatched?

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Match the term with the correct definition. -Resting membrane potential

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The function of acetylcholinesterase is to

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Match the term with the correct definition. -Action potential

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Which inhibitory neurotransmitter is blocked in strychnine poisoning?

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Which of the following is NOT true of reactive astrocytosis?

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An action potential

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Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -Requires ATP

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A decrease in the number of voltage-gated Ca2+ ion channels in the presynaptic terminal would

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Nerve fibers are also called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these happens first in a cholinergic synaptic transmission?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical synapses are characterized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compounds classified as ________ alter synaptic transmission by changing neurotransmitter receptor numbers or affecting the breakdown and/or removal of neurotransmitter.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following situations occurs in electrically excitable cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters and are present in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potential) , there is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the extracellular fluid around a neuron is replaced with an isotonic saline solution that contains K+ and other solutes at concentrations very close to the extracellular fluid concentrations of a normal cell, the result is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A decrease in the number of voltage-gated Ca²⁺ ion channels in the presynaptic terminal would

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If the extracellular fluid around a neuron is replaced with an isotonic saline solution that contains K⁺ and other solutes at concentrations very close to the extracellular fluid concentrations of a normal cell, the result is

Correct Answer
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