Question 1

An element's atomic number is determined by the number of ________ in one atom of that element.

Accepted Answer

A)   protons
B)   nuclei
C)   electrons
D)   neutrons
E)   atomic mass unitsF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Phosphate ions are common cations within the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A hydroxide ion carries a negative charge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Polar R groups of closely positioned amino acids often enter into ________ with each other, which helps give a protein its three-dimensional shape.

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrophobic interactions
B)   ionic bonds
C)   hydrogen bonds
D)   van der Waals repulsions
E)   sulfur-carbon bondsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

A molecule with polar and nonpolar parts that only partially dissolves in water is described as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A molecule with polar and nonpolar parts...

Question 6

Water has a

Accepted Answer

A)   high specific heat, and this tends to cause large amounts of sweating.
B)   high specific heat, and this tends to keep body temperature relatively constant.
C)   low specific heat, and this tends to lead to variability in body temperature.
D)   low specific heat, and this tends to minimize sweating.
E)   low specific heat, and this tends to result in chills and shivering.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has

Accepted Answer

A)   a different number of neutrons than most atoms of that element.
B)   lost or gained a proton.
C)   lost or gained an electron.
D)   a biological half-life due to radioactive decay.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

When diagramming an atom, how many electrons can fit in each of the shells beyond the innermost shell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two
B)   Six
C)   Eight
D)   TenE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

On the periodic table, beryllium sits above magnesium and to the right of lithium. Given that magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell and lithium has one, how many electrons would you predict beryllium has in its outer shell?

Accepted Answer

A)   One
B)   Two
C)   Three
D)   FourE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Compared to a solution with a pH of 7, a solution with a pH of 4 is

Accepted Answer

A)   more acidic and has a 1,000-fold increase in [H+].
B)   more acidic and has a 300-fold increase in [H+].
C)   more basic and has a 1,000-fold increase in [H+].
D)   more basic and has a 300-fold increase in [H+].
E)   more basic and has a 300-fold decrease in [H+].F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Water contains two hydrogen atoms bound to one oxygen atom; "H2O" is therefore water's

Accepted Answer

A)   molecular formula.
B)   ionic compound.
C)   isotope ratio.
D)   stochastic isomer.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

When dehydration synthesis occurs between two amino acids, a covalent bond called a ________ bond forms between them.

Accepted Answer

peptide

Question 13

The higher the concentration of H+ is, the lower the pH is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the four most common elements in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oxygen
B)   Nitrogen
C)   Hydrogen
D)   Carbon
E)   CalciumF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 15

Phospholipids are described as

Accepted Answer

A)   polar.
B)   nonpolar.
C)   amphipathic.
D)   amphiprotic.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

A covalent bond forms when both atoms require electrons to become stable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When water mixtures are formed, the components are chemically altered and the new molecular bonds can be separated only by chemical means.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

RNA is

Accepted Answer

A)   single-stranded and contains thymine.
B)   single-stranded and contains uracil.
C)   double-stranded and contains thymine.
D)   double-stranded and contains uracil.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Two atoms that have the same chemical characteristics but different atomic masses are considered ________.

Accepted Answer

isotopes
isotope

Question 20

Surfactant is necessary to prevent collapse of the alveoli in the lung because in its absence, water molecules

Accepted Answer

A)   vaporize and take up much less space.
B)   are more strongly attracted to each other by van der Waals forces.
C)   are more strongly attracted to each other by cohesive forces.
D)   congregate around nearby proteins to which they adhere.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 2: Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

An element's atomic number is determined by the number of ________ in one atom of that element.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phosphate ions are common cations within the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hydroxide ion carries a negative charge.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polar R groups of closely positioned amino acids often enter into ________ with each other, which helps give a protein its three-dimensional shape.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A molecule with polar and nonpolar parts that only partially dissolves in water is described as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water has a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When diagramming an atom, how many electrons can fit in each of the shells beyond the innermost shell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On the periodic table, beryllium sits above magnesium and to the right of lithium. Given that magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell and lithium has one, how many electrons would you predict beryllium has in its outer shell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to a solution with a pH of 7, a solution with a pH of 4 is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water contains two hydrogen atoms bound to one oxygen atom; "H2O" is therefore water's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When dehydration synthesis occurs between two amino acids, a covalent bond called a ________ bond forms between them.

Correct Answerverifiedpeptide

The higher the concentration of H+ is, the lower the pH is.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Which of the following is not one of the four most common elements in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phospholipids are described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A covalent bond forms when both atoms require electrons to become stable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When water mixtures are formed, the components are chemically altered and the new molecular bonds can be separated only by chemical means.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two atoms that have the same chemical characteristics but different atomic masses are considered ________.

Correct Answerverifiedisotopes isotope

Surfactant is necessary to prevent collapse of the alveoli in the lung because in its absence, water molecules

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Water contains two hydrogen atoms bound to one oxygen atom; "H₂O" is therefore water's

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peptide

The higher the concentration of H⁺ is, the lower the pH is.

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True

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isotopes isotope

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