Question 1

The internal urethral sphincter is formed by skeletal muscle fibers of the urogenital diaphragm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The muscularis layer of the urinary bladder is commonly called the ________ muscle.

Accepted Answer

A)   detrusor
B)   trigone
C)   extrusor
D)   extrinsicE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Upon leaving the renal pelvis, urine passes directly into a ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme ________ when the macula densa cells detect low blood volume or solute concentration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme ________...

Question 5

Net filtration pressure is equal to the

Accepted Answer

A)   capsular hydrostatic pressure plus the sum of the blood colloid osmotic pressure and the glomerular hydrostatic pressure.
B)   glomerular hydrostatic pressure minus the sum of the blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure.
C)   capsular hydrostatic pressure minus the sum of the blood colloid osmotic pressure and glomerular hydrostatic pressure.
D)   blood colloid osmotic pressure minus the capsular hydrostatic pressure.
E)   glomerular hydrostatic pressure plus blood colloid osmotic pressure minus capsular hydrostatic pressure.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

The renal corpuscle is located within the

Accepted Answer

A)   collecting duct.
B)   renal medulla.
C)   renal cortex.
D)   renal pelvis.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which layer is not found in the wall of the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adventitia
B)   Muscularis
C)   Mucosa
D)   Submucosa
E)   No exceptions; all layers are found in the wall of the urinary bladderF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 8

Generally, most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the

Accepted Answer

A)   nephron loop and is called obligatory water reabsorption.
B)   nephron loop and is called facultative water reabsorption.
C)   proximal convoluted tubule and is called obligatory water reabsorption.
D)   proximal convoluted tubule and is called facultative water reabsorption.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels. Podocytes are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)   basement membrane of the glomerulus.
B)   visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
C)   periphery of the distal convoluted tubule.
D)   endothelium of the glomerulus.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Macula densa cells monitor the concentration of

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose in the blood.
B)   antidiuretic hormone in the urine.
C)   sodium chloride in the fluid within the distal convoluted tubule.
D)   calcium in the fluid of the proximal convoluted tubule.
E)   aldosterone in the afferent arteriole.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

In order to accommodate the large liver,

Accepted Answer

A)   the left kidney is about 2 centimeters inferior to the right kidney.
B)   the right kidney is about 2 centimeters inferior to the left kidney.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 12

Which type of distal cell within kidney tubules and collecting ducts are responsive to aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Type A cells
B)   Type B cells
C)   Principal cells
D)   Intercalated endocrine cellsE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Individuals can voluntarily empty their bladder by contracting their abdominal muscles as part of the Valsalva maneuver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Extensions of the renal cortex that project into the medulla (and subdivide it) are known as the renal ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Extensions of the renal cortex that project...

Question 15

The external urethral sphincter is voluntarily controlled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A GFR measurement will be directly related to the concentration of inulin in the plasma and inversely related to the concentration of inulin in the urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Each kidney contains more than a million "functional units" called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each kidney contains more than a million...

Question 18

Proteins that are recaptured from tubular fluid are transported into the luminal membrane by way of

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion.
B)   pinocytosis.
C)   secondary active transport with a symporter.
D)   primary active transport with a protein pump.
E)   facilitated diffusion with a carrier.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Pregnancy tests often involve checking the urine for the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)   bilirubin from the fetus.
B)   human chorionic gonadotropin.
C)   sulfonamides.
D)   epinephrine and prostaglandin.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Increases in NFP result in increases in GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Urinary System

Net filtration pressure is equal to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macula densa cells monitor the concentration of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pregnancy tests often involve checking the urine for the presence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals can voluntarily empty their bladder by contracting their abdominal muscles as part of the Valsalva maneuver.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Podocytes are cells with foot-like processes called pedicels. Podocytes are found in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increases in NFP result in increases in GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The external urethral sphincter is voluntarily controlled.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each kidney contains more than a million "functional units" called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A GFR measurement will be directly related to the concentration of inulin in the plasma and inversely related to the concentration of inulin in the urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which layer is not found in the wall of the urinary bladder?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to accommodate the large liver,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Extensions of the renal cortex that project into the medulla (and subdivide it) are known as the renal ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme ________ when the macula densa cells detect low blood volume or solute concentration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The muscularis layer of the urinary bladder is commonly called the ________ muscle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generally, most water reabsorption in a nephron occurs at the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The internal urethral sphincter is formed by skeletal muscle fibers of the urogenital diaphragm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal corpuscle is located within the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Upon leaving the renal pelvis, urine passes directly into a ureter.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins that are recaptured from tubular fluid are transported into the luminal membrane by way of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of distal cell within kidney tubules and collecting ducts are responsive to aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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