Question 1

To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respiratory system increases breathing rate, which lowers the partial pressure of carbon dioxide below normal levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Fixed acids are generally regulated by physiological buffering provided by the

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory system.
B)   kidneys.
C)   lymphatic system.D) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 3

Compared to adults, infants are ________ susceptible to respiratory acidosis due to lower ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; carbon dioxide levels.
B)   more; residual volume.
C)   less; carbon dioxide levels.
D)   less; residual volume.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

When fluid intake equals fluid output, and there is a normal distribution of solvent and solutes in the body's fluid compartments, fluid ________ exists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When fluid intake equals fluid output, and...

Question 5

When comparing a lean adult female to a lean adult male, which will most likely have a higher percentage of body fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   The female
B)   The maleC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 6

Respiratory acidosis occurs when the partial pressure of

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen rises.
B)   oxygen falls.
C)   carbon dioxide rises.
D)   carbon dioxide falls.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system and synovial fluid of joint capsules are both examples of

Accepted Answer

A)   intracellular fluid.
B)   extracellular fluid.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 8

Respiratory acid-base disturbances involve fluctuations in carbonic acid whereas metabolic acid-base disturbances involve fluctuations in bicarbonate levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The most common type of acid-base imbalance is

Accepted Answer

A)   metabolic acidosis.
B)   metabolic alkalosis.
C)   respiratory acidosis.
D)   respiratory alkalosis.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

The adrenal gland releases aldosterone in response to

Accepted Answer

A)   ANP and increased blood plasma sodium levels.
B)   ANP and decreased blood plasma sodium levels.
C)   angiotensin II and increased blood plasma sodium levels.
D)   angiotensin II and decreased blood plasma sodium levels.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

In the brain, ADH ________ the thirst center, and in the kidneys, ADH causes an increase in water ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulates; secretion
B)   stimulates; reabsorption
C)   inhibits; secretion
D)   inhibits; reabsorptionE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Climbing at high altitude where oxygen levels are insufficient can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis.
B)   respiratory alkalosis.
C)   metabolic acidosis.
D)   metabolic alkalosis.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Decreased stretch of baroreceptors within the aorta and carotid arteries results in stimulation of the hypothalamus; this stimulation increases ADH secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Medicines that overstimulate respiratory centers in the brain lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis.
B)   respiratory alkalosis.
C)   metabolic acidosis.
D)   metabolic alkalosis.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

ANP causes an increase in the loss of sodium and water through urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Severe diarrhea leads to a decrease in the pH of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The most abundant cation within cells is

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium.
B)   potassium.
C)   calcium.
D)   chloride.
E)   magnesium.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

When blood starts to become more alkaline than normal, the renal tubules begin to

Accepted Answer

A)   secrete bicarbonate and H+ through type B cells.
B)   secrete bicarbonate while reabsorbing H+ in exchange through type B cells.
C)   secrete H+ while reabsorbing bicarbonate in exchange through type A cells.
D)   absorb bicarbonate and H+ through type A cells.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

An elevated level of potassium in the blood is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An elevated level of potassium in the...

Question 20

Which type of intake accounts for most of our daily fluid intake?

Accepted Answer

A)   Metabolic water
B)   Preformed waterC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Exam 25: Fluid and Electrolytes

Fixed acids are generally regulated by physiological buffering provided by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An elevated level of potassium in the blood is referred to as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most abundant cation within cells is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Severe diarrhea leads to a decrease in the pH of the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Climbing at high altitude where oxygen levels are insufficient can lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Decreased stretch of baroreceptors within the aorta and carotid arteries results in stimulation of the hypothalamus; this stimulation increases ADH secretion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Respiratory acid-base disturbances involve fluctuations in carbonic acid whereas metabolic acid-base disturbances involve fluctuations in bicarbonate levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common type of acid-base imbalance is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

ANP causes an increase in the loss of sodium and water through urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system and synovial fluid of joint capsules are both examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adrenal gland releases aldosterone in response to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing a lean adult female to a lean adult male, which will most likely have a higher percentage of body fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When blood starts to become more alkaline than normal, the renal tubules begin to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to adults, infants are ________ susceptible to respiratory acidosis due to lower ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the brain, ADH ________ the thirst center, and in the kidneys, ADH causes an increase in water ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of intake accounts for most of our daily fluid intake?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When fluid intake equals fluid output, and there is a normal distribution of solvent and solutes in the body's fluid compartments, fluid ________ exists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respiratory system increases breathing rate, which lowers the partial pressure of carbon dioxide below normal levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Respiratory acidosis occurs when the partial pressure of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Medicines that overstimulate respiratory centers in the brain lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Compared to adults, infants are susceptible to respiratory acidosis due to lower .

Correct Answer
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In the brain, ADH the thirst center, and in the kidneys, ADH causes an increase in water .

Correct Answer
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