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Given a sequencing reaction length of approximately 500 successive nucleotides,what is the absolute minimum number of sequencing reactions needed to determine the complete human genome,excluding overlap and redundancy?


A) 3) 1 billion
B) 6200
C) 12.4 million
D) 6) 2 million

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Your research team has been asked to quantify levels of cellular RNAs in rats before and after exercise.The primary focus of your work will be to analyze the


A) proteome.
B) spliceosome.
C) nucleosome.
D) different RNA motifs.
E) transcriptome.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Match each of the following characteristics with the appropriate sequencing method. Match each of the following characteristics with the appropriate sequencing method.   • Next-generation sequencing • Dideoxy terminator sequencing • Both dideoxy terminator and next-generation sequencing • Next-generation sequencing • Dideoxy terminator sequencing • Both dideoxy terminator and next-generation sequencing

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Some regions of chromosomes remain highly condensed,tightly coiled,and untranscribed throughout the cell cycle.These regions are referred to as


A) transposable elements.
B) single sequence repeats.
C) noncoding DNA.
D) short interspersed elements.
E) constitutive heterchromatin.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A large portion (45%) of the human genome is composed of


A) introns.
B) exons.
C) templates.
D) transposons.
E) pseudogenes.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Silent copies of genes that have been inactivated by mutations are called


A) pseudogenes.
B) clones.
C) exons.
D) introns.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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In your research,you are comparing the transcriptome and the proteome for two related species.One gene in species B has a similar transcript but a much smaller protein than in species A,and the protein seems to be nonfunctional.What do you predict about this gene? (Select all that apply)


A) It is a pseudogene.
B) It will have an increased number of persistent mutations in species B.
C) It probably has a STOP codon early in the coding region.
D) It probably has a defect in the enhancer region.
E) It probably is not methylated correctly.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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You have been asked to construct a physical map of the baboon genome.What would be helpful in this task?


A) Chromosome maps and STSs
B) BLAST and ENCODE data
C) Gene linkage data
D) Microarrays and SAGE

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The ENCODE project seeks to


A) sequence the genomes of all animals.
B) sequence the DNA of all organisms.
C) identify the coding sequences of human DNA.
D) identify the functional elements of the human genome.
E) identify the proteins encoded by the human genome.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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Non-coding DNA regions within a gene are referred to as


A) introns.
B) exons.
C) templates.
D) transposons.
E) pseudogenes.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Groups of related,but distinctly different genes that appear to have arisen from a single ancestral gene are referred to as


A) segmental duplications.
B) pseudogenes.
C) tandem clusters.
D) multigene families.
E) expressed sequences.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Conserved arrangements of segments of DNA in related genomes are referred to as


A) synteny.
B) homology.
C) analogous DNA.
D) a contig.
E) a comparative genome.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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