Question 1

What would be the physiological effect of an increase in the venous return to the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased cardiac output
B)  increased secretion of ADH (vasopressin) 
C)  increased stroke volume
D)  decreased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone
E)  increased sympathetic stimulation of the heartF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

All of the following are functions of the circulatory system EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen,nutrient,and waste transport.
B)  creation of red and white blood cells.
C)  blood clotting and immune defense.
D)  temperature regulation.
E)  hormone transport.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

What class of sensory receptors directly affects the activity of the cardiac center in the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory cells in the juxtaglomerular apparati of the kidneys
B)  osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
C)  baroreceptors in the arch of the aorta and in the carotid arteries
D)  blood pH chemoreceptors in the aortic and carotid bodies
E)  blood glucose sensors in the pancreasF) A) and C)
G) C) and D) C

Question 4

When lungs evolved in vertebrates,the evolution of _____ also occurred in the circulation of blood within those vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A)  double circulation
B)  red blood cells
C)  a lymphatic system
D)  a muscular heart
E)  more plasmaF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

The P wave of the ECG represents

Accepted Answer

A)  the contraction of the atria.
B)  the relaxation of the atria.
C)  the depolarization of the atria.
D)  the repolarization of the atria.
E)  the contraction of the ventricle.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Mammalian,bird,and crocodile hearts have four chambers with two separate atria and ventricles to ensure ________ different circuits for blood flow.

Accepted Answer

A)  two
B)  three
C)  four
D)  eightE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

What would happen if your SA node and AV node fired at same time?

Accepted Answer

A)  The QRS wave on an ECG would disappear,as it would be masked by the P wave.
B)  Your stroke volume would decrease.
C)  Blood would be forced back into the atria from the ventricles.
D)  Your blood pressure would increase.
E)  The production of nitric oxide by your endothelial cells would increase.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Blood is pumped from the heart into the arterial system,which branches from arteries into fine ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  arterioles
B)  venules
C)  capillaries
D)  veinsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

The benefit provided by all hearts with two atria is

Accepted Answer

A)  complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
B)  that blood is pumped into body tissues at high pressure.
C)  there is an extra place to store blood when the animal is at rest.
D)  not all the blood has to pass through both sides of the heart.
E)  that there are two muscular regions for pumping blood out of the heart to different organs.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

The blood pressure in your brachial artery is at its lowest during

Accepted Answer

A)  exercise.
B)  the time the aorta is maximally stretched.
C)  the systolic period.
D)  the diastolic period.
E)  ventricular contraction.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 11

In a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart,the structure(s) containing blood with the highest O2 concentration is/are the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  pulmonary arteries
B)  pulmonary veins
C)  right atrium
D)  inferior vena cava
E)  right ventricleF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Which animal is likely to have the circulatory pattern shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  frog
B)  crocodile
C)  bird
D)  mammal
E)  fishF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Which blood cell type is correctly matched to its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  platelets-hematopoiesis
B)  leukocytes-blood clotting
C)  erythrocytes-immunity
D)  leukocytes-oxygen transport
E)  monocytes-defense against microorganismsF) B) and E)
G) C) and E) E

Question 14

What animal group is mismatched with its circulation system type (open or closed) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  oyster-open
B)  cricket-closed
C)  earthworm-closed
D)  lobster-open
E)  killer whale-closedF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

One mechanism that some animals use to limit heat loss in cold environments is

Accepted Answer

A)  vasodilation of the near surface blood vessels.
B)  vasodilation of below surface blood vessels.
C)  vasoconstriction of the precapillary sphincters in the skin.
D)  vasoconstriction of veins.
E)  increasing cardiac output.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

The left ventricle in mammals is more muscular than the right ventricle because

Accepted Answer

A)  the right ventricle only pumps blood into the right atrium.
B)  the left ventricle pumps more total blood than the right ventricle.
C)  the left ventricle pumps blood with a higher hematocrit than the blood that leaves the right ventricle.
D)  the left ventricle has to pump blood throughout the body at high pressure.
E)  the left ventricle is always contracting to maintain a systemic blood pressure.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 17

You are taking a lab practical exam,and one station has pins in various internal structures of a bisected mammalian heart.You can orient yourself without picking up and examining the exterior of the heart because

Accepted Answer

A)  the width of the external wall of the right ventricle is thicker than all the other chamber walls.
B)  the width of the external wall of the left atrium is thicker than all the other chamber walls.
C)  the width of the external wall of the left ventricle is thicker than all the other chamber walls.
D)  the width of the external wall of the right atrium is thicker than all the other chamber walls.
E)  the ascending aorta exits from the right ventricle.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

The depolarization of the heart is initiated by the

Accepted Answer

A)  left and right bundle branches.
B)  sinoatrial node.
C)  atrioventricular node.
D)  Purkinje fibers.
E)  bundle of HIS.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above B

Question 19

In birds and mammals,a vestige of the sinus venosus of the fish heart remains as the sinoatrial node,which serves as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  diastole detector.
B)  baroreceptor.
C)  site of erythropoiesis.
D)  inhibitory node.
E)  pacemaker.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

The graph below can be used to understand the forces underlying the movement of fluid between the blood and the interstitial fluid.What is a true statement concerning these processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium ions contribute significantly to the movement of fluid in region B.
B)  In people suffering from severe liver disease or protein starvation,the fluid flow in region B is increased.
C)  Edema results from reduction of fluid flow in region A.
D)  Fluid leaves the blood in region A and returns to the blood in region B.
E)  Normally,the net amount of fluid flow in region A is less than the net amount of fluid flow in region B.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 48: The Circulatory System

What would be the physiological effect of an increase in the venous return to the heart?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are functions of the circulatory system EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What class of sensory receptors directly affects the activity of the cardiac center in the medulla oblongata?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

When lungs evolved in vertebrates,the evolution of _____ also occurred in the circulation of blood within those vertebrates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The P wave of the ECG represents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mammalian,bird,and crocodile hearts have four chambers with two separate atria and ventricles to ensure ________ different circuits for blood flow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would happen if your SA node and AV node fired at same time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood is pumped from the heart into the arterial system,which branches from arteries into fine ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The benefit provided by all hearts with two atria is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The blood pressure in your brachial artery is at its lowest during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart,the structure(s) containing blood with the highest O2 concentration is/are the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which animal is likely to have the circulatory pattern shown in the figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which blood cell type is correctly matched to its function?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

What animal group is mismatched with its circulation system type (open or closed) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One mechanism that some animals use to limit heat loss in cold environments is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The left ventricle in mammals is more muscular than the right ventricle because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are taking a lab practical exam,and one station has pins in various internal structures of a bisected mammalian heart.You can orient yourself without picking up and examining the exterior of the heart because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The depolarization of the heart is initiated by the

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In birds and mammals,a vestige of the sinus venosus of the fish heart remains as the sinoatrial node,which serves as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The graph below can be used to understand the forces underlying the movement of fluid between the blood and the interstitial fluid.What is a true statement concerning these processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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In a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart,the structure(s) containing blood with the highest O₂ concentration is/are the ________.

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E

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B

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