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You are examining a seed with tiny white plumes attached to it. How is this type of seed most likely dispersed?


A) by animals who eat it
B) by floating on water
C) by the wind
D) by attaching to the fur of animals
E) by bursting forth from the seed pod

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is the correct sequence for the germination of the eudicot seed?


A) The two cotyledons have absorbed the endosperm and supply the nutrients to the embryo. As the embryo emerges, from the soil it consumes the nutrients and develops the shoot. The hypocotyl becomes part of the stem and the radicle develops into the roots.
B) The cotyledon was absorbed by the endosperm and supplies the nutrients to the embryo. As the embryo emerges from the soil, it consumes the nutrients and develops the shoot. The hypocotyl becomes part of the stem and the radicle develops into the roots.
C) The two cotyledons have absorbed the endosperm and supply the nutrients to the embryo. As the embryo emerges from the soil, it consumes the nutrients and develops the shoot. The radicle becomes part of the stem and the hypocotyl develops into the roots.
D) The pericarp has absorbed the endosperm and supplies the nutrients to the embryo. As the embryo emerges from the soil, it consumes the nutrients and develops the shoot. The hypocotyl becomes part of the stem and the radicle develops into the roots.
E) The two cotyledons have absorbed the endosperm and supply the nutrients to the embryo. As the embryo emerges from the soil, it consumes the nutrients and develops the shoot. The plumule and the radicle push through the coleorhiza during germination.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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What part of the flower attracts pollinators?


A) petals
B) sepals
C) carpels
D) stamens
E) ovaries

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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A sperm nucleus combines with one polar nucleus to form the endosperm.

A) True
B) False

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A friend complains that all of her houseplants have bent stems. You examine the plants and find that their stems all curve toward the light. What would you recommend to your friend to correct the problem?


A) Apply an auxin to the shady side of the stems.
B) Water the plants more frequently.
C) Apply gibberellins to the bases of the stems.
D) Turn each plant occasionally.
E) Repot the plants.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The response of plants to the relative length of light and darkness is termed


A) phototropism.
B) photosynthesis.
C) photoperiodism.
D) translocation.
E) transpiration.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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What flower mechanism would help prevent pollination by a foreign plant species?


A) A pollen tube only grows inside the style of its own species.
B) The stigma is sticky mainly to its own species of pollen.
C) The timing of flowering keeps pollinators moving among a limited number of species.
D) Flowers attract a small number of specialized pollinators and, therefore, pollen is not spread equally to all available species of flowers.
E) All of the answer choices help prevent pollination by a foreign species.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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Clover is an example of a what type of flowering plant?


A) long-day
B) short-day
C) day-neutral
D) intermediate-day
E) nonflowering

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A corn kernel is classified as a seed.

A) True
B) False

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Peas and beans are considered legumes. Why?


A) A legume is a fruit that splits along two sides when mature.
B) They are both simple fruits.
C) The actual seed is inside the pod.
D) Both are green when ripe.
E) Both develop relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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How many nuclei are present inside a pollen grain?


A) none
B) one
C) two
D) three
E) four

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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List the features that enable us to distinguish the difference between a simple fruit and a compound fruit.

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A simple fruit is derived from...

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From the discussion of long-day and short-day plants, it is obvious that "day-neutral" plants


A) flower when the night is shorter than a critical length.
B) flower when the night is longer than a critical length.
C) are not dependent on the length of the night or day for flowering.
D) have short stems or long stems, depending on the photoperiod.
E) have flowers that only open during the daytime.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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