Question 1

When Mr.Adams calculated his students' algebra test scores,he noticed that two students had extremely low scores.Which measure of central tendency is affected most by the scores of these two students?

Accepted Answer

A)  mean
B)  standard deviation
C)  mode
D)  medianE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

A normal curve would approximate the distribution of

Accepted Answer

A)  males and females in the total American population.
B)  American children enrolled in each of the first through sixth grades.
C)  the physical heights of all American women.
D)  all of these data.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The most familiar measure of central tendency is the

Accepted Answer

A)  mode.
B)  mean.
C)  median.
D)  standard deviation.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group.With respect to age,it is most likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Accepted Answer

A)  mode.
B)  median.
C)  mean.
D)  standard deviation.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

A 2010 U.S.Census report indicated that nearly 65 percent of U.S.households have "below average" income.In this instance,which measure was used to represent the average U.S.household income?

Accepted Answer

A)  range
B)  median
C)  standard deviation
D)  meanE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

If a set of standardized test scores is normally distributed,having a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 6,approximately 95 percent of the scores are somewhere between

Accepted Answer

A)  72 and 78.
B)  75 and 87.
C)  69 and 81.
D)  63 and 87.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Although Soren once scored 37 points during a single high school basketball game,he was subsequently unable to beat or match this record no matter how hard he tried.His experience may be at least partially explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  an illusion of control.
B)  regression toward the mean.
C)  illusory correlation.
D)  the standard deviation.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Evelyn wants to know how consistent her bowling scores have been during the past season.Which of the following measures would tell her what she wants to know?

Accepted Answer

A)  mean
B)  median
C)  standard deviation
D)  correlation coefficientE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

In a single day,45 babies were born in hospital X,65 babies in hospital Y,and 25 babies in hospital Z.At which hospital is there the greatest probability that more than 60 percent of the babies are of the same sex?

Accepted Answer

A)  hospital X
B)  hospital Y
C)  hospital Z
D)  The probability is the same at all three hospitals.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

After his property was vandalized by a small group of teenagers,Mr.Mahmood concluded that most teenagers are irresponsible and delinquent.Mr.Mahmood ought to be reminded that accurate generalizations depend on

Accepted Answer

A)  an awareness of regression toward the mean.
B)  constructing a scatterplot.
C)  the observation of representative samples.
D)  the selection of samples from a skewed population.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The average scores of two samples taken from the same population are most likely to differ if

Accepted Answer

A)  the samples are both small.
B)  the standard deviations of the samples are both small.
C)  the samples differ from each other in size.
D)  the sample means are both similar to the sample medians.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Differences between two samples are LEAST likely to be statistically significant if the samples are _______ and the amount of variability in the samples is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  small;small
B)  large;large
C)  small;large
D)  large;smallE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Displaying data in a scatterplot can help us see the extent to which two variables are

Accepted Answer

A)  random samples.
B)  normally distributed.
C)  correlated.
D)  standard deviations.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Professor Taylor arranged for people of different ages to complete a test of manual dexterity.She then compared manual dexterity across different age levels.The professor's research best illustrates a

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal study.
B)  normal curve.
C)  cross-sectional study.
D)  standard deviation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

In research studies,psychologists use ________ to decide whether an observed difference between two groups is significant.

Accepted Answer

A)  scatterplots
B)  regression toward the mean
C)  inferential statistics
D)  illusory correlationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

The mode,median,and mean are most likely to have different values when they

Accepted Answer

A)  describe a skewed distribution.
B)  are derived from a limited range of scores.
C)  represent the central tendency of a random sample.
D)  represent the central tendency of an entire population.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

A graphed cluster of dots,each of which represents the values of two factors,is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  bar graph.
B)  scatterplot.
C)  normal curve.
D)  correlation coefficient.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

To assess age-linked differences in self-esteem,researchers plan to give children from different age groups a test of self-esteem during the upcoming week.This research best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  regression toward the mean.
B)  a cross-sectional study.
C)  a skewed distribution.
D)  a longitudinal study.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Gamblers often throw dice gently for low numbers and hard for high numbers.This most directly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  an illusion of control.
B)  a scatterplot.
C)  the normal curve.
D)  regression toward the mean.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

When an arithmetic average is reported in the news,it is most important for readers to

Accepted Answer

A)  determine whether it is statistically significant.
B)  consider whether it is distorted by a few extreme cases.
C)  be sure that it represents a standard deviation.
D)  assume that it is the midpoint of a normal curve.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Exam 15: Statistical Reasoning in Everyday Life

One person in a 10-person group is 10 times older than anyone else in the group.With respect to age,it is most likely that the majority of group members are younger than the group's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In research studies,psychologists use ________ to decide whether an observed difference between two groups is significant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A graphed cluster of dots,each of which represents the values of two factors,is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assess age-linked differences in self-esteem,researchers plan to give children from different age groups a test of self-esteem during the upcoming week.This research best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After his property was vandalized by a small group of teenagers,Mr.Mahmood concluded that most teenagers are irresponsible and delinquent.Mr.Mahmood ought to be reminded that accurate generalizations depend on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mode,median,and mean are most likely to have different values when they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamblers often throw dice gently for low numbers and hard for high numbers.This most directly illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Differences between two samples are LEAST likely to be statistically significant if the samples are _______ and the amount of variability in the samples is _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although Soren once scored 37 points during a single high school basketball game,he was subsequently unable to beat or match this record no matter how hard he tried.His experience may be at least partially explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A normal curve would approximate the distribution of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average scores of two samples taken from the same population are most likely to differ if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Taylor arranged for people of different ages to complete a test of manual dexterity.She then compared manual dexterity across different age levels.The professor's research best illustrates a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Mr.Adams calculated his students' algebra test scores,he noticed that two students had extremely low scores.Which measure of central tendency is affected most by the scores of these two students?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most familiar measure of central tendency is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an arithmetic average is reported in the news,it is most important for readers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 2010 U.S.Census report indicated that nearly 65 percent of U.S.households have "below average" income.In this instance,which measure was used to represent the average U.S.household income?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a set of standardized test scores is normally distributed,having a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 6,approximately 95 percent of the scores are somewhere between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a single day,45 babies were born in hospital X,65 babies in hospital Y,and 25 babies in hospital Z.At which hospital is there the greatest probability that more than 60 percent of the babies are of the same sex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evelyn wants to know how consistent her bowling scores have been during the past season.Which of the following measures would tell her what she wants to know?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Displaying data in a scatterplot can help us see the extent to which two variables are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Differences between two samples are LEAST likely to be statistically significant if the samples are _ and the amount of variability in the samples is _.

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